Corrosion Behavior of Refractory High-Entropy Alloys in FLiNaK Molten Salts

Abstract

Refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) have recently attracted widespread attention due to their outstanding mechanical properties at elevated temperatures, making them appealing for concentrating solar power and nuclear energy applications. Here, the corrosion behavior of equimolar HfTaTiVZr and TaTiVWZr RHEAs was investigated in molten FLiNaK eutectic salt (LiF-NaF-KF: 46.5−11.5−42 mol.%) at 650 °C. Potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and immersion test measurements were carried out for these two RHEAs and compared with Inconel 718 (IN718) superalloy and SS316 stainless steel under identical test conditions. Both TaTiVWZr and HfTaTiVZr refractory high-entropy alloys exhibited an order of magnitude lower corrosion rate than SS316. IN718 and TaTiVWZr showed similar corrosion rates. Corrosion products enriched with noble alloying elements formed in the case of TaTiVWZr and IN718 were stable and protective on the substrate. SS316 showed the lowest corrosion resistance and void formation along the exposed surface due to the active dissolution of Cr and Fe, which provided diffusion paths for the corroded species. The surface analysis results showed that IN718 underwent pitting corrosion, while TaTiVWZr experienced selective dissolution in the inter-dendritic area. In contrast, HfTaTiVZr and SS316 experienced corrosion at the grain boundaries.

Keywords

• molten salt corrosion
• high-entropy alloys
• refractory metals
• fluoride salts
• nuclear reactors