<i>In vitro</i> radiosensitivity of two types of common bean explants of 'BAT-93' cultivar

Abstract

The use of Gamma radiations combined with in vitro tissue culture is a useful tool in breeding programs. However, for its application it is necessary to have an efficient plant regeneration system. The objective of this work was to determine the in vitro radiosensitivity of two types of explant of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar 'BAT-93' to Gamma radiations. Two-month harvested seeds and the cotyledonal node were irradiated with two cotyledons (NC-2), with doses of 50 and 80 Gy. As control, 100 non-irradiated seeds were used. It was evaluated the germination percentage of the irradiated seeds, the explants with callus and the number of shoots per callus at 21 days of culture in the culture media for formation and regeneration of callus, respectively. It was found that the type of explant and the radiation dose influenced the formation of calli and the shoots regeneration. From the irradiated seeds, callus was formed with the two doses of Gamma radiation used. However, the shoots regeneration just was achieved with the dose of 50 Gy. In the NC-2 explant, callus was not formed with the radiation doses used. The seed is the explant that is recommended for the application of Gamma radiations combined with the regeneration of plants via indirect organogenesis in Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivar 'BAT 93'. Keywords: in vitro culture, cotyledonary node, mutagenesis, Phaseolus vulgaris L., seeds