Zernovì Produkti ì Kombìkorma (Sep 2023)

STATUS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF PRODUCTION OF MIXED FEEDS FOR SWINE OF DIFFERENT AGES

  • L. Fihurska,
  • O. Tsiundyk,
  • I. Chernega

DOI
https://doi.org/10.15673/gpmf.v23i3.2777
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 23, no. 3
pp. 15 – 21

Abstract

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The article discusses the types of pig feeding in Ukraine. The quality result of piglet fattening is 60...70% influenced by the feed itself, about 20% by animal genetics, 10% by veterinary care, and about 10% by housing conditions. The number of pigs was analyzed. In Ukraine, according to the State Statistics Service, as of January 1, 2023, the pig population was 4.95 million heads. The world pig population in 2021 was approximately 1.02 billion heads, the largest pig population in China - more than 400 million heads. The total pig population in the EU in 2022 was 237 million heads. The production of compound feed for pigs in Ukraine is analyzed. According to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the production of compound feed for pigs in 2021 amounted to 1.2 million tons. China, the USA, Brazil, Spain and Mexico are among the countries that produce compound fodder for pigs in the world. The consumption of feed and water by pigs depending on the daily gain was considered, as well as the scheme of feeding piglets with full-rational compound feed per day. It is necessary to observe the daily rate of consumption of nutrients and biologically active substances depending on the age of young pigs. The modern organization of pig fattening, which involves one-, two- or three-phase feeding systems, is considered. The need for the production of compound feeds for pigs that meet feeding standards and restrictions on the introduction of components is substantiated. Types of compound feed and their advantages are presented. Such technological methods of production of compound fodder for pigs as granulation, extrusion, expansion were analyzed. Due to the high temperature and pressure, the nutritional value of compound feed improves. When feeding mixed fodder by the wet-heat treatment method, minimal mechanical losses occur, feed costs are reduced by 7...8%, and the growth energy of young animals increases by 6...12%. When fed with balanced feed, the productivity of animals increases by 12...15%, and when enriched with microelements and other substances, by 25...30% in relation to feeding with certain types of grain.

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