Endometriosis: A Clinicopathological Study of 29 Cases

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory condition that primarily affects women of reproductive age and it is characterised by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterus. Aim: The aim of the study was to review the cases of endometriosis with varied clinical presentation having one underlying disease and to emphasise the role of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) in preoperative diagnosis of scar endometriosis. Materials and Methods: All the cases diagnosed as endometriosis either by FNAC or by histopathology in the Department of Pathology at Alluri Sitarama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India were included in the study from the period January 2012 to November 2017. Descriptive data were collected and analysed. Results: A total of 29 cases with the diagnosis of endometriosis were found. The patient’s age ranged from 20 to 45 years of age, with mean age of 29.4±7.7 and median of 28.8 years. Out of 29 cases, 16 cases (50%) were diagnosed as scar endometriosis involving anterior abdominal wall at Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) scar site (56.25% by cytology and 43.75% by histopathology), 10 cases (37.5%) were diagnosed as ovarian endometriosis (bilateral in one case), two cases (8.3%) of urinary bladder endometriosis and one case (4.2%) of bowel endometriosis involving sigmoid colon. Conclusion: A high level of suspicion is required for early diagnosis and intervention of endometriosis, to provide better quality of life and to reduce infertility.

Keywords

• bladder endometriosis
• bowel endometriosis
• ovarian endometriosis
• scar endometriosis