Frequency And Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern Of Vibrio Cholerae In Stool Samples

Abstract

Background: Cholera, one of the most common cause of acute watery diarrhea in developing world, requires, along with correction of fluid and electrolyte imbalance, antibiotics in to shorten the duration of disease. Emergence of reistance with recommended antimicrobials is becoming an issue to treat Vibrio Cholerae. The purpose of this research was to determine the frequency and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Vibrio cholera isolated in stool samples at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Stool samples were received from both in-patients and out-patients in sterile leak proof containers. All Vibrio Cholerae isolated from stool samples were included in the study. The stool samples were inoculated on Thiosulphate-citrate-Bile salts-sucrose agar. Suspected Vibrio cholerae colonies were stained by Gram’s stain Method. Oxidase positive colonies were isolated on Mueller Hinton agar (MHA). Slide agglunation tests were done to confirm presence of Vibrio cholera and its serotypes. Results: A total of 352 (6.37%) Isolates of Vibrio Cholerae archieved from 5524 stool samples.Vibrio Cholerae serotype Ogawa isolated 188/352 (352%), while 164(46.6%) were Vibrio cholerae serotype Inaba. Predominant the isolates were from male patients 184/352 (52.3%), while from females were 168/352 (47.7%). Male to female ratio was 1.095:1. Mean age of patients with positive Vibrio cholerae isolates was 27.15 ± 25.61 years. The Frequency of resistance with Co-trimoxazole, Tetracyline, Ampicillin, Chloramphanicol and Ciprofloxacin was 66.2%, 40.9%, 8.8%, 2.6% and 1.4% respectively. Conclusion: The multiple antimicrobials recommended to treat Cholera have been found to develop alarming resistance among Vibrio Cholerae isolates. This situation needs a regular surveillance of commonly used antibiotics and urgent discovery of alternative antibiotics. Key Words: Frequency.Antimicrobial resistance pattern.Vibriocholerae. Stool.