The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2024)
CEERS Key Paper. VIII. Emission-line Ratios from NIRSpec and NIRCam Wide-Field Slitless Spectroscopy at z > 2
- Bren E. Backhaus,
- Jonathan R. Trump,
- Nor Pirzkal,
- Guillermo Barro,
- Steven L. Finkelstein,
- Pablo Arrabal Haro,
- Raymond C. Simons,
- Jessica Wessner,
- Nikko J. Cleri,
- Micaela B. Bagley,
- Michaela Hirschmann,
- David C. Nicholls,
- Mark Dickinson,
- Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe,
- Casey Papovich,
- Dale D. Kocevski,
- Anton M. Koekemoer,
- Laura Bisigello,
- Anne E. Jaskot,
- Ray A. Lucas,
- Intae Jung,
- Stephen M. Wilkins,
- L. Y. Aaron Yung,
- Henry C. Ferguson,
- Adriano Fontana,
- Andrea Grazian,
- Norman A. Grogin,
- Lisa J. Kewley,
- Allison Kirkpatrick,
- Jennifer M. Lotz,
- Laura Pentericci,
- Pablo G. Pérez-González,
- Swara Ravindranath,
- Rachel S. Somerville,
- Guang Yang,
- Benne W. Holwerda,
- Peter Kurczynski,
- Nimish P. Hathi,
- Caitlin Rose,
- Kelcey Davis
Affiliations
- Bren E. Backhaus
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, 196A Auditorium Road, Unit 3046, University of Connecticut , Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Jonathan R. Trump
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, 196A Auditorium Road, Unit 3046, University of Connecticut , Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Nor Pirzkal
- ORCiD
- ESA/AURA Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Dr. Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Guillermo Barro
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of the Pacific , Stockton, CA 90340 USA
- Steven L. Finkelstein
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX, USA
- Pablo Arrabal Haro
- ORCiD
- NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- Raymond C. Simons
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, 196A Auditorium Road, Unit 3046, University of Connecticut , Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Jessica Wessner
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, 196A Auditorium Road, Unit 3046, University of Connecticut , Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Nikko J. Cleri
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843-4242 USA; George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843-4242 USA
- Micaela B. Bagley
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX, USA
- Michaela Hirschmann
- ORCiD
- Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Galaxy Evolution , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
- David C. Nicholls
- ORCiD
- Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University , Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
- Mark Dickinson
- ORCiD
- NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe
- ORCiD
- Laboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology , 84 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Casey Papovich
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843-4242 USA; George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843-4242 USA
- Dale D. Kocevski
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Colby College , Waterville, ME 04901, USA
- Anton M. Koekemoer
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Dr., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Laura Bisigello
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “G.Galilei,” Universitá di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy; INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova , Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, I-35122, Padova, Italy
- Anne E. Jaskot
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Williams College , Williamstown, MA 01267, USA
- Ray A. Lucas
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Dr., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Intae Jung
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Dr., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Stephen M. Wilkins
- ORCiD
- Astronomy Centre, University of Sussex , Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK; Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy, University of Malta , Msida MSD 2080, Malta
- L. Y. Aaron Yung
- ORCiD
- Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Henry C. Ferguson
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD, USA
- Adriano Fontana
- ORCiD
- INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , via di Frascati 33, I-00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
- Andrea Grazian
- ORCiD
- INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova , Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, I-35122, Padova, Italy
- Norman A. Grogin
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD, USA
- Lisa J. Kewley
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Allison Kirkpatrick
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas , Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Jennifer M. Lotz
- ORCiD
- Gemini Observatory/NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
- Laura Pentericci
- ORCiD
- INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , via di Frascati 33, I-00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
- Pablo G. Pérez-González
- ORCiD
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) , CSIC-INTA, Ctra. de Ajalvir km 4, Torrejón de Ardoz, E-28850, Madrid, Spain
- Swara Ravindranath
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Dr., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Rachel S. Somerville
- ORCiD
- Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , 162 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA
- Guang Yang
- ORCiD
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen , P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Benne W. Holwerda
- ORCiD
- Physics & Astronomy Department, University of Louisville , KY 40292, Louisville, USA
- Peter Kurczynski
- ORCiD
- Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Nimish P. Hathi
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD, USA
- Caitlin Rose
- ORCiD
- Laboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology , 84 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Kelcey Davis
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, 196A Auditorium Road, Unit 3046, University of Connecticut , Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1520
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 962,
no. 2
p. 195
Abstract
We use James Webb Space Telescope Near-Infrared Camera Wide Field Slitless Spectroscopy (NIRCam WFSS) and the Near-Infrared spectrograph (NIRSpec) in the Cosmic Evolution Early Release survey to measure rest-frame optical emission-line ratios of 155 galaxies at z > 2. The blind NIRCam grism observations include a sample of galaxies with bright emission lines that were not observed on the NIRSpec masks. We study the changes of the H α , [O III ]/H β , and [Ne III ]/[O II ] emission lines in terms of redshift by comparing to lower-redshift SDSS, CLEAR, and MOSDEF samples. We find a significant (>3 σ ) correlation between [O III ]/H β with redshift, while [Ne III ]/[O II ] has a marginal (2 σ ) correlation with redshift. We compare [O III ]/H β and [Ne III ]/[O II ] to stellar mass and H β SFR. We find that both emission-line ratios have a correlation with H β SFR and an anticorrelation with stellar mass across the redshifts 0 < z < 9. Comparison with MAPPINGS V models indicates that these trends are consistent with lower metallicity and higher ionization in low-mass and high-SFR galaxies. We additionally compare to IllustrisTNG predictions and find that they effectively describe the highest [O III ]/H β ratios observed in our sample, without the need to invoke MAPPINGS models with significant shock ionization components.
Keywords
