Self-Similarity Principle and the General Theory of Fractal Elements: How to Fit a Random Curve with a Clearly Expressed Trend?

Abstract

The well-known power-law fractal element was determined to need several important revisions by the authors of this work. It is now possible to demonstrate that any scaling equation associated with a fractal element is actually K-fold degenerated and includes previously unknown but crucial adjustments. These new discoveries have the potential to significantly alter the preexisting theory and create new connections between it and its experimental support, particularly when it comes to measurements of the impedances of diverse metamaterials. It is now easy to demonstrate that any random curve with a clearly stated tendency in a specific range of scales is self-similar using the method involving reduction to three invariant points (Ymx, Ymn, and Ymin). This useful procedure indicates that the chosen random curve, even after being compressed a certain number of times, still resembles the original curve. Based on this common peculiarity, it is now possible to derive “a universal” fitting function that can be used in a variety of applied sciences, particularly those that deal with complex systems, to parametrize many initial curves when a model fitting function derived from a simple model is not present. This self-similarity principle-derived function demonstrates its effectiveness in data linked to photodiode noise and the smoothed integral curves produced from well-known transcendental numbers E and Pi, which are considered in the paper as an example.

Keywords

• self-similarity principle
• general theory of fractal elements
• reduction to three invariant points
• “Universal” parametrization of random curve
• quantitative description of photodiode noise
• integral curves related to E and Pi trans-numbers