Results of the use of ramucirumab in combination with irinotecan and fluoropyrimidines in the second-line chemotherapy for disseminated gastric cancer

Abstract

Background: Several studies show that the combination chemotherapy with ramucirumab allows to improve the treatment results of advanced gastric cancer (GC). Irinotecan with fluoropyrimidines is own of the second line chemotherapy options for these patients. As angiogenesis inhibitors can enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy, we investigated the combination of irinotecan and fluoropyrimidines with ramucirumab in metastatic GC.Methods: Eligible patients had advanced morphologically verified GC and disease progression during or within 4 months following first-line therapy. They received FOLFIRI plus ramucirumab (8 mg/kg on day 1) or XELIRI in combination with ramucirumab (8 mg/kg on days 1 and 8). The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary end-points were disease control rate (DCR) and safety.Results: Between September 2015 and April 2019, 39 patients (pts) were enrolled and 38 were evaluated for efficacy and toxicity. Median number of cycles was 9 (2-20). Seven patients achieved a partial response (PR) for an overall response rate of 17.9%. A total of 29 (74.4%) patients had stable disease (SD) for a DCR of 92.3%. With a median follow up 7,5 months, median PFS was 7.58 months (95% CI 6.6-8.5) and the median OS has not yet been reached. Median duration of PR response was 8,7 months (4,11-10,94+) and median duration of SD was 4,14 months (1,84-11,99+). The main treatment-related grade 3 or 4 adverse events were neutropenia (7/38; 18.4%), anemia (1/38; 2.6%) and diarrhea (2/38; 4.3%).The most frequent adverse events of special interest (AESIs) any grade were hypertension (16/38; 42.1%), bleeding/hemorrhage (10/38; 26.3%), proteinuria (6/38; 15.7%) and venous thromboembolic events (10/38; 26,3%). Gastrointestinal perforation developed in two patients (2/38; 5.3%). No treatment-related deaths occurred.Conclusion: In our research ramucirumab with irinotecan and fluoropyrimidines demonstrate the high activity and a manageable safety profile in patients with pre-treated metastatic GC

Keywords

• ramucirumab
• gastric cancer
• irinotecan
• fluoropyrimidine adenocarcinoma
• second line treatment