iScience (Sep 2023)
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced antibodies protect against Omicron breakthrough infection
- Eva A.M. Baerends,
- Astrid K. Hvidt,
- Joanne Reekie,
- Ole S. Søgaard,
- Nina B. Stærke,
- Dorthe Raben,
- Henrik Nielsen,
- Kristine T. Petersen,
- Maria R. Juhl,
- Isik S. Johansen,
- Susan O. Lindvig,
- Lone W. Madsen,
- Lothar Wiese,
- Lene S. Knudsen,
- Mette B. Iversen,
- Thomas Benfield,
- Kasper K. Iversen,
- Sidsel D. Andersen,
- Anna K. Juhl,
- Lisa L. Dietz,
- Signe R. Andreasen,
- Thea K. Fischer,
- Christian Erikstrup,
- Palle Valentiner-Branth,
- Jens Lundgren,
- Lars Østergaard,
- Martin Tolstrup,
- J. Lundgren,
- L. Østergaard,
- T. Benfield,
- L. Krohn-Dehli,
- D.K. Petersen,
- K. Fogh,
- E. Højmark,
- K.K. Iversen,
- P. Bek,
- V. Klastrup,
- F. Larsen,
- S.H. Rasmussen,
- M.H. Schleimann,
- S. Schieber,
- N.B. Stærke,
- A. Søndergaard,
- B. Tarp,
- M. Tousgaard,
- Y. Yehdego,
- J. Bodilsen,
- H. Nielsen,
- K.T. Petersen,
- M. Ruwald,
- R.K. Thisted,
- S.F. Caspersen,
- M. Iversen,
- L.S. Knudsen,
- J.L. Meyerhoff,
- L.G. Sander,
- L. Wiese,
- C. Abildgaard,
- I.K. Holden,
- N.E. Johansen,
- I.S. Johansen,
- L. Larsen,
- S.O. Lindvig,
- L.W. Madsen,
- A. Øvrehus,
- N.A. Kruse,
- H. Lomholdt,
- T.G. Krause,
- P. Valentiner-Branth,
- B. Søborg,
- T.K. Fischer,
- C. Erikstrup,
- S.R. Ostrowski,
- M. Tolstrup,
- O.S. Søgaard,
- D. Raben,
- E. Jylling,
- D. Hougaard,
- S.D. Andersen,
- K. Lykkegaard,
- S.R. Andreasen,
- E. Baerends,
- L.L. Dietz,
- A.K. Hvidt,
- A.K. Juhl,
- R. Olesen,
- K.K. Andersen,
- W. Bannister,
- C. Bjernved,
- T.W. Elsing,
- F.V. Esmann,
- M.A. Ghafari,
- E. Gravholdt,
- S.F. Jakobsen,
- M.L. Jakobsen,
- C.M. Jensen,
- T.Ø. Jensen,
- D. Kristensen,
- L.R. Kumar,
- C. Matthews,
- N. Normand,
- C. Olsson,
- J. Reekie,
- A. Traytel,
- T. Weide,
- A.M. Hvas,
- H. Støvring
Affiliations
- Eva A.M. Baerends
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Astrid K. Hvidt
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Corresponding author
- Joanne Reekie
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Ole S. Søgaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Nina B. Stærke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Dorthe Raben
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Henrik Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Kristine T. Petersen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Maria R. Juhl
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Isik S. Johansen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Susan O. Lindvig
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Lone W. Madsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Lothar Wiese
- Department of Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Lene S. Knudsen
- Department of Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Mette B. Iversen
- Department of Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Thomas Benfield
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Departments of Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Kasper K. Iversen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Cardiology and Emergency Medicine, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Sidsel D. Andersen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Anna K. Juhl
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Lisa L. Dietz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Signe R. Andreasen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Thea K. Fischer
- Departments of Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, Nordsjællands University Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
- Christian Erikstrup
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Palle Valentiner-Branth
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Jens Lundgren
- Center of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Departments of Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Lars Østergaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Martin Tolstrup
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- J. Lundgren
- L. Østergaard
- T. Benfield
- L. Krohn-Dehli
- D.K. Petersen
- K. Fogh
- E. Højmark
- K.K. Iversen
- P. Bek
- V. Klastrup
- F. Larsen
- S.H. Rasmussen
- M.H. Schleimann
- S. Schieber
- N.B. Stærke
- A. Søndergaard
- B. Tarp
- M. Tousgaard
- Y. Yehdego
- J. Bodilsen
- H. Nielsen
- K.T. Petersen
- M. Ruwald
- R.K. Thisted
- S.F. Caspersen
- M. Iversen
- L.S. Knudsen
- J.L. Meyerhoff
- L.G. Sander
- L. Wiese
- C. Abildgaard
- I.K. Holden
- N.E. Johansen
- I.S. Johansen
- L. Larsen
- S.O. Lindvig
- L.W. Madsen
- A. Øvrehus
- N.A. Kruse
- H. Lomholdt
- T.G. Krause
- P. Valentiner-Branth
- B. Søborg
- T.K. Fischer
- C. Erikstrup
- S.R. Ostrowski
- M. Tolstrup
- O.S. Søgaard
- D. Raben
- E. Jylling
- D. Hougaard
- S.D. Andersen
- K. Lykkegaard
- S.R. Andreasen
- E. Baerends
- L.L. Dietz
- A.K. Hvidt
- A.K. Juhl
- R. Olesen
- K.K. Andersen
- W. Bannister
- C. Bjernved
- T.W. Elsing
- F.V. Esmann
- M.A. Ghafari
- E. Gravholdt
- S.F. Jakobsen
- M.L. Jakobsen
- C.M. Jensen
- T.Ø. Jensen
- D. Kristensen
- L.R. Kumar
- C. Matthews
- N. Normand
- C. Olsson
- J. Reekie
- A. Traytel
- T. Weide
- A.M. Hvas
- H. Støvring
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 26,
no. 9
p. 107621
Abstract
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 Omicron quickly spread globally, also in regions with high vaccination coverage, emphasizing the importance of exploring the immunological requirements for protection against Omicron breakthrough infection.The test-negative matched case-control study (N = 964) characterized Omicron breakthrough infections in triple-vaccinated individuals from the ENFORCE cohort. Within 60 days before a PCR test spike-specific IgG levels were significantly lower in cases compared to controls (GMR [95% CI] for BA.2: 0.83 [0.73–0.95], p = 0.006). Multivariable logistic regression showed significant associations between high antibody levels and lower odds of infection (aOR [95% CI] for BA.2 spike-specific IgG: 0.65 [0.48–0.88], p = 0.006 and BA.2 ACE2-blocking antibodies: 0.46 [0.30–0.69], p = 0.0002). A sex-stratified analysis showed more pronounced associations for females than males.High levels of vaccine-induced antibodies provide partial protection against Omicron breakthrough infections. This is important knowledge to further characterize a threshold for protection against new variants and to estimate the necessity and timing of booster vaccination.
