VIRAL AND FUNGAL INFECTIONS OF THE ORAL MUCOSA: PREDISPOSING FACTORS, CLINICAL ASPECTS, DIAGNOSTIC AND MANAGEMENT. REVIEW

Abstract

Mucous membranes and skin the in the orofacial region are often affected by a diverse spectrum of bacterial, viral, fungal, chlamydial, rickettsial, protozoal, and helminthic infections. Such conditions may clinically appear as small, localized lesions to diffuse and invasive varieties that extend beyond natural barriers, often causing potentially life-threatening complications. Regardless of the prevalence, incidence, and the advancement of treatment strategies, orofacial infections, either local or the manifestations of a generalized infection, may cause significant discomfort and suffering. Thus, the recognition of the clinical presentation of these infections is paramount to their diagnosis, clinical management, and appropriate referral. The following sections describe orofacial manifestations of human herpesvirus and fungal infections.