Correlation analysis technique revealing ionospheric precursors of earthquakes

Abstract

In this paper we focus on the variability of electron concentration in the ionosphere measured by ground based ionosondes and GPS receivers around the time of strong earthquakes. It has been detected and statistically proven that several days before the seismic shock the level of this variability increases at the station closest to the epicenter, a fact which can be regarded as precursory phenomenon. More precisely the localness of this specific kind of ionospheric variability is used for the correlation analysis of data of several observation points. The similarity of geographical location of the observation points leads to the similarity of ionospheric variations registered at these sites during both quiet and disturbed geomagnetic conditions, except in the case of those located at the seismoactive zone. As a rule, the local anomalies in the F2 layer and TEC accompanying the preparation of strong earthquakes show themselves in the breaking of the mutual correlation of the critical frequencies foF2 or TEC between stations situated in and outside the seismic zone. The precursory phenomenon appears 1 to 7 days before the time of the seismic shock.