RSTRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF THE HEART IN PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNOEA SYNDROME DEPENDING ON ITS SEVERITY AND THE MAGNITUDE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME

Abstract

Objective: to assess the nature and degree of the impact of metabolic syndrome (MS) and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) severity on myocardial structural and functional changes.Subjects and methods. The study covered 80 patients of both sexes, whose mean age was 49.62 ± 9.87 years. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the severity of OSAS. All the patients underwent general clinical examination with anthropometric measurements, as well as cardiorespiratory monitoring and biochemical studies.Results. The mean body mass index in the examinees was 34.52 ± 4.91 kg/m2. In severe apnoea, there was a significant increase in abdominal adipose tissue redistribution (p = 0.005), an elevation in systolic and diastolic blood pressures and uric acid levels, progression of impaired lipid profile and insulin resistance (p < 0.05). More significant hypertrophy of the left ventricle and its reduced systolic function were recorded in severe OSAS (р < 0.05). The frequency of type 1 diastolic dysfunction was lower in the mild apnoea group (30% of the patients) than that in the severe apnoea group (67 %) (p = 0.01).Conclusion. The found myocardial structural and functional changes are due to the degree of OSAS and to the impact of MS components. Due to inadequately effective antihypertensive and hypolipidemic therapy performed in patients with MS, it is necessary to diagnose OSAS and to define the degree of its severity for its correction.

Keywords

• obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
• systolic dysfunction
• diastolic dysfunction
• metabolic syndrome