Spontaneous coronary artery dissection, a commonly overlooked etiology of acute coronary syndrome

Abstract

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a type of non-atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, initially thought to be uncommon but is now being increasingly recognized as a cause of acute coronary syndrome in females. The exact incidence of this remains unknown and most of these cases undergo emergent percutaneous intervention (PCI) due to concern for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Prior studies have shown that PCI can be detrimental in these cases. It is important to recognize the possibility of SCAD in young female patients so that potentially harmful interventions, such as starting these patients immediately on heparin, use of thrombolytic therapy, and emergent PCI that can lead to worse outcomes, are avoided.

Keywords

• cardiology
• coronary artery disease
• spontaneous coronary artery dissection
• acute coronary syndrome
• non-atherosclerotic coronary artery disease