TESS Investigation—Demographics of Young Exoplanets (TI-DYE). II. A Second Giant Planet in the 17 Myr System HIP 67522

Abstract

The youngest (<50 Myr) planets are vital to understand planet formation and early evolution. The 17 Myr system HIP 67522 is already known to host a giant (≃10 R _⊕ ) planet on a tight orbit. In their discovery paper, Rizzuto et al. reported a tentative single-transit detection of an additional planet in the system using TESS. Here, we report the discovery of HIP 67522c, a 7.9 R _⊕ planet that matches with that single-transit event. We confirm the signal with ground-based multiwavelength photometry from Sinistro and MuSCAT4. At a period of 14.33 days, planet c is close to a 2:1 mean-motion resonance with b (6.96 days or 2.06:1). The light curve shows distortions during many of the transits, which are consistent with spot-crossing events and/or flares. Fewer stellar activity events are seen in the transits of planet b, suggesting that planet c is crossing a more active latitude. Such distortions, combined with systematics in the TESS light-curve extraction, likely explain why planet c was previously missed.

Keywords

• Exoplanets
• Transit photometry
• Stellar activity
• Exoplanet evolution
• Young stellar objects