Influence of the organic farming system on the composition of Bastardo Magarachskiy grape cultivar as a raw material for production of wines

Abstract

Studies on the effectiveness of applying the scheme for organic processing of grape cultivar Bastardo Magarachskiy in comparison with the traditional scheme of protection against the powdery mildew on the background of its strong progression were conducted. It was established, that the organic protection scheme is not inferior to the traditional processing scheme in its effectiveness and influence on the composition of grape berries. The biological effectiveness of the organic protection scheme in vineyards averaged 78.3%. There is no significant difference in grapes obtained in the traditional and organic processing schemes by the mass of the bunch, the concentration of sugars and titratable acids in the berry. The use of biological products in foliar treatment had such beneficial effect on the formation of the phenolic complex of berries as the increase in supply of phenolic substances and growth of phenolic maturity. The use of organic protection scheme against powdery mildew led to a decrease in the concentration of pyruvic acid in juice by 2.5 times on average, compared with the traditional one, and an increase (in comparison with the traditional and control) by 1.4 −1.6 times of the concentration of α-ketoglutaric acid. The studied treatment regimens did not affect the concentration of aldehydes.