Activation of mesenchymal stem cells promotes new bone formation within dentigerous cyst

Yejia Yu; Mengyu Li; Yuqiong Zhou; Yueqi Shi; Wenjie Zhang; Geehun Son; Jing Ge; Jun Zhao; Zhiyuan Zhang; Dongxia Ye; Chi Yang; Shaoyi Wang

doi:10.1186/s13287-020-01999-8

Stem Cell Research & Therapy (Nov 2020)

Activation of mesenchymal stem cells promotes new bone formation within dentigerous cyst

Yejia Yu,
Mengyu Li,
Yuqiong Zhou,
Yueqi Shi,
Wenjie Zhang,
Geehun Son,
Jing Ge,
Jun Zhao,
Zhiyuan Zhang,
Dongxia Ye,
Chi Yang,
Shaoyi Wang

Affiliations

Yejia Yu: Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Mengyu Li: Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Yuqiong Zhou: Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Yueqi Shi: Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Wenjie Zhang: Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Geehun Son: Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Jing Ge: Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Jun Zhao: Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Zhiyuan Zhang: Department of Oral-maxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Dongxia Ye: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Chi Yang: Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Shaoyi Wang: Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-020-01999-8
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 11, no. 1
pp. 1 – 15

Abstract

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Abstract Background Dentigerous cyst (DC) is a bone destructive disease and remains a challenge for clinicians. Marsupialization enables the bone to regenerate with capsule maintaining, making it a preferred therapeutic means for DC adjacent to vital anatomical structures. Given that capsules of DC are derived from odontogenic epithelium remnants at the embryonic stage, we investigated whether there were mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) located in DC capsules and the role that they played in the bone regeneration after marsupialization. Methods Samples obtained before and after marsupialization were used for histological detection and cell culture. The stemness of cells isolated from fresh tissues was analyzed by morphology, surface marker, and multi-differentiation assays. Comparison of proliferation ability between MSCs isolated from DC capsules before (Bm-DCSCs) and after (Am-DCSCs) marsupialization was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), fibroblast colony-forming units (CFU-F), and 5′-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. Their osteogenic capacity in vitro was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red staining (ARS), combined with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Subcutaneous ectopic osteogenesis as well as cranial bone defect model in nude mice was performed to detect their bone regeneration and bone defect repairability. Results Bone tissue and strong ALP activity were detected in the capsule of DC after marsupialization. Two types of MSCs were isolated from fibrous capsules of DC both before (Bm-DCSCs) and after (Am-DCSCs) marsupialization. These fibroblast-like, colony-forming cells expressed MSC markers (CD44+, CD90+, CD31−, CD34−, CD45−), and they could differentiate into osteoblast-, adipocyte-, and chondrocyte-like cells under induction. Notably, Am-DCSCs performed better in cell proliferation and self-renewal. Moreover, Am-DCSCs showed a greater osteogenic capacity both in vitro and in vivo compared with Bm-DCSCs. Conclusions There are MSCs residing in capsules of DC, and the cell viability as well as the osteogenic capacity of them is largely enhanced after marsupialization. Our findings suggested that MSCs might play a crucial role in the healing process of DC after marsupialization, thus providing new insight into the treatment for DC by promoting the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs inside capsules.

Published in Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512 (Online)
Publisher: BMC
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Medicine: Medicine (General); Science: Chemistry: Organic chemistry: Biochemistry
Website: https://stemcellres.biomedcentral.com

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