Research progress of transition metal low-dimensional nanomaterials in field of electrocatalysis

Abstract

With the increasingly serious environmental problems and the rising energy crisis， it is urgent to use electrocatalysis technology to develop sustainable green new energy. Transition metal low-dimensional nanomaterials have large active surface， high electron transfer rate and abundant surface vacancies， which can effectively improve the efficiency and stability of electrocatalytic reactions. In this paper， the transition metal low-dimensional nanomaterials are classified based on the material dimension， and their advantages are clarified respectively. The research achievements of zero-dimensional， one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanomaterials in the field of electrocatalysis are mainly reviewed. The relationship between the structure of low-dimensional nanostructure and the activity， as well as stability of electrocatalysis， is revealed， and it is clear that low-dimensional nanomaterials are an effective method to improve the performance of electrocatalysis. Finally， it is pointed out that the structure of transition metal low-dimensional nanocatalysts should be rationally designed and optimized according to demand. The future development direction of low-dimensional nanocatalysts should be the combination of basic research and computational research， guide the design with theory， combine with machine learning to pre-select the appropriate structural model and further development towards improving existing materials and combining more and more efficient composite materials.

Keywords

• low dimension
• nanomaterial
• transition metal
• electrocatalysis