PLoS ONE (Jan 2020)

Virologic response to efavirenz-based first-line antiretroviral therapy in children with previous exposure to antiretrovirals to prevent mother-to-child transmission.

  • Patience Nyakato,
  • Mary-Ann Davies,
  • Karl-Gunter Technau,
  • Geoffrey Fatti,
  • Helena Rabie,
  • Frank Tanser,
  • Andrew Boulle,
  • Robin Wood,
  • Brian Eley,
  • Shobna Sawry,
  • Janet Giddy,
  • Nosisa Sipambo,
  • Louise Kuhn,
  • Lee Fairlie,
  • International epidemiology Database to Evaluate AIDS-Southern Africa (IeDEA-SA) Collaboration

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233693
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 15, no. 5
p. e0233693

Abstract

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Efavirenz-based first-line regimens have been widely used for children ≥3 years of age starting antiretroviral therapy, despite possible resistance with prior exposure to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT). We used logistic regression to examine the association between PMTCT exposure and viral failure (VF) defined as two consecutive viral loads (VL)>1000 copies/ml between 6-18 months on ART. Children with previous nevirapine exposure for PMTCT were not at higher risk of VF compared to unexposed children (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 0.79; 95% CI:0.56, 1.11).