The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2024)
Flight of the Bumblebee: the Early Excess Flux of Type Ia Supernova 2023bee Revealed by TESS, Swift, and Young Supernova Experiment Observations
- Qinan Wang,
- Armin Rest,
- Georgios Dimitriadis,
- Ryan Ridden-Harper,
- Matthew R. Siebert,
- Mark Magee,
- Charlotte R. Angus,
- Katie Auchettl,
- Kyle W. Davis,
- Ryan J. Foley,
- Ori D. Fox,
- Sebastian Gomez,
- Jacob E. Jencson,
- David O. Jones,
- Charles D. Kilpatrick,
- Justin D. R. Pierel,
- Anthony L. Piro,
- Abigail Polin,
- Collin A. Politsch,
- César Rojas-Bravo,
- Melissa Shahbandeh,
- V. Ashley Villar,
- Yossef Zenati,
- C. Ashall,
- Kenneth C. Chambers,
- David A. Coulter,
- Thomas de Boer,
- Nico DiLullo,
- Christa Gall,
- Hua Gao,
- Eric Y. Hsiao,
- Mark E. Huber,
- Luca Izzo,
- Nandita Khetan,
- Natalie LeBaron,
- Eugene A. Magnier,
- Kaisey S. Mandel,
- Peter McGill,
- Hao-Yu Miao,
- Yen-Chen Pan,
- Catherine P. Stevens,
- Jonathan J. Swift,
- Kirsty Taggart,
- Grace Yang
Affiliations
- Qinan Wang
- ORCiD
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- Armin Rest
- ORCiD
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Georgios Dimitriadis
- ORCiD
- School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin , Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
- Ryan Ridden-Harper
- ORCiD
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences ∣ Te Kura Matū, University of Canterbury , Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
- Matthew R. Siebert
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Mark Magee
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Charlotte R. Angus
- ORCiD
- DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Katie Auchettl
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; School of Physics, The University of Melbourne , VIC 3010, Australia; The ARC Centre of Excellence for All-Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimension (ASTRO 3D) , Australia
- Kyle W. Davis
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Ryan J. Foley
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Ori D. Fox
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Sebastian Gomez
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Jacob E. Jencson
- ORCiD
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- David O. Jones
- ORCiD
- Gemini Observatory, NSF’s NOIRLab , 670 N. A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
- Charles D. Kilpatrick
- ORCiD
- Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA), Northwestern University , Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Justin D. R. Pierel
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Anthony L. Piro
- ORCiD
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science , 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
- Abigail Polin
- ORCiD
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science , 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA; TAPIR, Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics , 350-17, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Collin A. Politsch
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Kavli Institute for Cosmology , Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK
- César Rojas-Bravo
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Melissa Shahbandeh
- ORCiD
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- V. Ashley Villar
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Institute for Computational & Data Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Yossef Zenati
- ORCiD
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]
- C. Ashall
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics , Virginia Tech, 850 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg VA 24061, USA
- Kenneth C. Chambers
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii , 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- David A. Coulter
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Thomas de Boer
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii , 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Nico DiLullo
- ORCiD
- The Thacher School , 5025 Thacher Road, Ojai, CA 93023, USA
- Christa Gall
- ORCiD
- DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Hua Gao
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii , 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Eric Y. Hsiao
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Florida State University , 77 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- Mark E. Huber
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii , 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Luca Izzo
- ORCiD
- DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Nandita Khetan
- ORCiD
- DARK, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Natalie LeBaron
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Eugene A. Magnier
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii , 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Kaisey S. Mandel
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy and Kavli Institute for Cosmology , Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK
- Peter McGill
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Hao-Yu Miao
- ORCiD
- Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University , 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
- Yen-Chen Pan
- ORCiD
- Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University , 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
- Catherine P. Stevens
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics , Virginia Tech, 850 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg VA 24061, USA
- Jonathan J. Swift
- ORCiD
- The Thacher School , 5025 Thacher Road, Ojai, CA 93023, USA
- Kirsty Taggart
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
- Grace Yang
- ORCiD
- The Thacher School , 5025 Thacher Road, Ojai, CA 93023, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad0edb
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 962,
no. 1
p. 17
Abstract
We present high-cadence ultraviolet through near-infrared observations of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2023bee at D = 32 ± 3 Mpc, finding excess flux in the first days after explosion, particularly in our 10 minutes cadence TESS light curve and Swift UV data. Compared to a few other normal SNe Ia with early excess flux, the excess flux in SN 2023bee is redder in the UV and less luminous. We present optical spectra of SN 2023bee, including two spectra during the period where the flux excess is dominant. At this time, the spectra are similar to those of other SNe Ia but with weaker Si ii , C ii, and Ca ii absorption lines, perhaps because the excess flux creates a stronger continuum. We compare the data to several theoretical models on the origin of early excess flux in SNe Ia. Interaction with either the companion star or close-in circumstellar material is expected to produce a faster evolution than observed. Radioactive material in the outer layers of the ejecta, either from double detonation explosion or from a ^56 Ni clump near the surface, cannot fully reproduce the evolution either, likely due to the sensitivity of early UV observable to the treatment of the outer part of ejecta in simulation. We conclude that no current model can adequately explain the full set of observations. We find that a relatively large fraction of nearby, bright SNe Ia with high-cadence observations have some amount of excess flux within a few days of explosion. Considering potential asymmetric emission, the physical cause of this excess flux may be ubiquitous in normal SNe Ia.
Keywords
