Growth intensity and fattening qualities of pigs during changes in feeding types during reproduction and fattening
Abstract
The article presents the results of studying the dependence of fattening qualities of pigs on the type of feeding during rearing and fattening and its change during these two periods. It is proved that the dynamics of pig growth depended on the type of feeding and its changes. In the first third of the experiment, live weight of piglets with liquid type of feeding was added more intensively. In the second third of the experiment (70–120 days) animals with the same type of feeding were characterized by more intensive growth compared to analogues in which the type of feeding was changed to alternative. In the final third of fattening, this trend persisted. It was determined that the best growth dynamics throughout the experiment was demonstrated by pigs with constant liquid feeding, and the worst was demonstrated by changes in liquid to dry feeding. Animals with constant types of feeding during the experiment grew more intensively compared to their counterparts, in which the type of feeding was changed to alternative. It was found that piglets with liquid type of feeding had during average rearing by 6.1 % higher average daily and absolute and 2.4 % relative gains, 4.4 % higher weight of animals at the end of rearing. Pigs consumed 11.5 % more feed per head per day, but had a 5.1 % worse feed payment in increments and 1.0 % worse piglet survival during the rearing period. It is proved that the change of feeding types from dry to liquid and from liquid to dry negatively affected the growth and fattening qualities of pigs. It was found that during the period of fattening animals with constant type of feeding prevailed analogues with variable type of feeding on the preservation of pigs during fattening by 0.5 %, on average daily gains in this period by 9.0 %, in absolute gains on fattening by 7.3 %. Pigs reached a commodity weight of 120 kg by 7.2 days (4.3 %) faster, ate 4.3 % more feed per day, had a better 2.4 % feed conversion and found an 18.4 % better complex index fattening qualities. The best fattening indicators during the fattening period were pigs with constant liquid type of feeding, while the worst were when changing the liquid type of feeding to dry during fattening. It is proved that for the whole period of research pigs with constant type of feeding had advantages over analogues, in which the type of feeding changed during the experiment on the preservation of animals by 0.5 %, average daily gain of 6.6 %, absolute gain of 6.3 %, ate 4.3 % more feed per day, but had 2.7 % worse feed conversion. The best fattening indicators during the whole period of the experiment were found in pigs with constant liquid type of feeding, and the worst when changing the liquid type of feeding during rearing to dry during fattening. It is proved that the type of feeding affected the growth dynamics, preservation and fattening qualities of pigs of the final hybrid of English origin, that with liquid type of feeding the growth rate of pigs exceeded that of dry analogues fattening qualities. The most significant deterioration in growth occurred with changes in the liquid type of feeding during rearing to the dry type for fattening.
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