Unraveling the Intricacies: Pioneering Insights into the Interplay of the Gut and Oral Microbiome in Diabetes and Periodontal Disease

Abstract

Exploring the intricate interplay between two prevalent chronic conditions, diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease, reveals a bidirectional relationship. Recent evidence underscores the pivotal influence of the microbiome, particularly the gut and oral microbiome, in shaping the pathogenesis of both diabetes and periodontal disease. The present comprehensive review aimed to elucidate the current understanding of how these microbial communities contribute to the development and progression of diabetes, especially when compounded by periodontal disease. However, emerging evidence suggests a complex bidirectional relationship between these two conditions. The microbiome’s involvement in these conditions unfolds through multifaceted mechanisms, with microbial dysbiosis influencing systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and periodontal tissue degradation. The authors explored the dynamic crosstalk between the gut and oral microbiome, shedding light on how alterations in these microbial ecosystems may exacerbate the interconnected manifestations of diabetes and periodontal disease. Furthermore, present review unraveled the potential therapeutic implications for targeted interventions. By dissecting the microbiome-driven pathways, authors identified the promising avenues for precision medicine and tailored therapies. This exploration opens new vistas for developing strategies that leverage the microbiome to mitigate the impact of diabetes with periodontal disease. As the authors navigated this complex terrain, the manuscript underscores the urgency of a holistic understanding and targeted modulation of the microbiome to revolutionise treatment paradigms for these intertwined chronic conditions. The present manuscript aimed to review the current understanding of the role of the gut and oral microbiome in the development and progression of diabetes with periodontal disease.

Keywords

• bidirectional relationship
• chronic conditions
• diabetes mellitus
• pathogenesis
• therapeutic implications