Ecological status of threatened mangroves Ceriops decandra and Merope angulata in mangrove ecosystem Segara Anakan Lagoon, Central Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystem Segara Anakan Lagoon (SAL), is the largest mangrove ecosystem in Java that is occupied by various types of mangroves. Several studies have shown the deforestation of mangrove in SAL which caused the decrease of mangrove biodiversity and species density. This study aims to obtain updated information on the distribution and density of two mangrove species found in SAL that are listed in the IUCN, which are Ceriops decandra (Threatened) and Merope angulata (Least Concerned). This research was conducted with the stages of literature study and analysis of satellite imagery using Sentinel 2 and the NDVI equation to obtain the change of mangrove cover and density. The literature study found that C. decandra was mostly distributed in the eastern and central sites of the Lagoon, while M. angulata was distributed in the center site. According to the spatial analysis, the density of Ceriops decandra was found >0,5 while Merope angulata is distributed in the center site with a medium density categorized. The degradation of the mangrove ecosystem in 2023 was estimated to be 10.493,64 ha. The information provided in this study is expected to improve conservation and protection actions for the sustainability of the threatened mangroves species in SAL.