Particularities of the intestinal microbiome composition in Romanian patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Introduction. The composition of gut microbiota can be affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS), its improvement is frequently ignored in metabolic disorders. The objective of the study was a comparative evaluation of the faecal microbiota of healthy controls and of T2DM and MS patients (n = 150). Materials and methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed, between July 2019-December 2020 in the Bio-standard laboratory Oradea, Romania. A group of 75 patients with non-insulin dependent T2DM and MS (study group = SG) and 75 healthy subjects (control group = CG) has been included in the study. The composition of the microbiome and the influence of oral antidiabetic treatment on the microbiome in SG patients were compared. Results. 8 out of 19 species of the analysed bacteria had a different relative abundance in the SG, compared to CG; Enterococcus spp. were significantly higher (3.18×106 vs 1.94×106, p=0.004), while Akkermansia muciniphila (2.55×109 vs. 4.66×109, p<0.001) and Eubacterium spp. (3.51×108 vs 4.16×108, p=0.047) had significantly lower values in the SG vs. CG. Conclusions. The results indicated differences in the relative abundance of microbial species between the two groups, with significant changes in gut microbiome in the SG.

Keywords

• metabolic syndrome
• type 2 diabetes
• weight status
• glucidic profile
• lipidic profile