Development of novel methodology for the molecular differentiation of Cryptosporidium parvum gp60 subtypes via high resolution melting analysis

Abstract

Cryptosporidium species subtypes are generally identified via DNA sequencing of the gp60 gene tandem repeat motif region. Due to the immunogenic nature of its glycoprotein products, gp60 is subject to host selective pressures, genetic recombination and evolutionary processes that drive extensive polymorphism at this locus. The elucidation of the polymorphic nature of this gene has led to the current mainstay in Cryptosporidium subtyping nomenclature.This study aimed to develop a real-time polymerase chain reaction based method utilising a post-PCR application, high resolution melting (HRM) analysis, in conjunction with the abovementioned gp60 nomenclature system, in order to differentiate between Cryptosporidium parvum gp60 subtypes. Subtype differentiation is based on the difference between the melting temperatures of individual subtypes conferred by variations in the polymorphic region of gp60.• Nested gp60 primers were designed to amplify a target region of <200 base pairs for effective HRM analysis• This method presents a rapid, sensitive, cost effective alternative to conventional sequencing.• This method is highly flexible and may be applied to other loci in order to facilitate multi-locus analysis and improve the discriminative abilities of the method.

Keywords

• Molecular epidemiology
• Cryptosporidium
• Enteric parasitology
• DNA sequencing
• Real-time PCR
• High resolution melting(HRM) analysis