Characterization optimization of synthesis Chitosanclay/benzoin/Fe3O4 composite for adsorption of Thionine dye by design expert study

Khaoula Alia; Djamal Atia; Mohammed Laid Tedjani; Gamil Gamal Hasan; Hamdi Ali Mohammed; Salah Eddine Laouini; Mahmood M.S. Abdullah; Farid Menaa

doi:10.1038/s41598-024-75016-w

Scientific Reports (Oct 2024)

Characterization optimization of synthesis Chitosanclay/benzoin/Fe3O4 composite for adsorption of Thionine dye by design expert study

Khaoula Alia,
Djamal Atia,
Mohammed Laid Tedjani,
Gamil Gamal Hasan,
Hamdi Ali Mohammed,
Salah Eddine Laouini,
Mahmood M.S. Abdullah,
Farid Menaa

Affiliations

Khaoula Alia: Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of technology, University of El Oued
Djamal Atia: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of El Oued
Mohammed Laid Tedjani: Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of technology, University of El Oued
Gamil Gamal Hasan: Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of technology, University of El Oued
Hamdi Ali Mohammed: Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of technology, University of El Oued
Salah Eddine Laouini: Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of technology, University of El Oued
Mahmood M.S. Abdullah: Department of chemistry, College of science, King Saud University
Farid Menaa: Department of Nanomedicine and Advanced Technologies, CIC-Fluorotronics, Inc

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75016-w
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 14, no. 1
pp. 1 – 25

Abstract

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Abstract A novel composite material, magnetic chitosan-clay/benzoin/Fe3O4 (CS-CY/Benz/Fe3O4), was synthesized for effectively removing thionine dye (TH) from water solutions. The structural integrity and suitability of CS- CY/Benz/Fe3O4 composite for adsorption purposes were validated through extensive characterization techniques including BET, XRD, FTIR, and SEM. The adsorption efficiency was optimized through a Box–Behnken design (BBD) employing response surface methodology (RSM), focusing on variables such as adsorbent dose (A: 0.02–0.08 g), solution pH (B: 4–10), temperature (C: 30–60 °C), and time (D: 5–30 min). Experimental results revealed a maximum TH removal of 99% with significant interactions between temperature (C) and time (D) (p-value = 0.0001). The optimal conditions for TH removal were determined as pH ~ 5.91, adsorbent dosage of 0.08 g, temperature of 54.34 °C, and time of 29.7 min. The investigation of kinetics revealed that the adsorption process conformed to a pseudo-second-order (PSO) model, while the equilibrium data were effectively described by the Freundlich isotherm model. At a temperature of 333.15 K and a TH concentration of 350 mg/L, the adsorption capacity was determined to be 660.86 mg/g. The mechanism of adsorption encompassed various interactions such as electrostatic attractions, n–π interactions, hydrogen bonding, and Yoshida H-bonding. Particularly, the CS-CY/Benz/Fe3O4 composite demonstrated strong magnetic responsiveness, enabling straightforward separation from water using an external magnetic field after adsorption. Particularly, the CS-CY/Benz/Fe3O4 composite demonstrated strong magnetic responsiveness, enabling straightforward separation from water using an external magnetic field after adsorption. This research contributes important findings to the advancement of magnetic chitosan-based composites for efficient removal of TH dye pollutants from water environments.

Published in Scientific Reports

ISSN: 2045-2322 (Online)
Publisher: Nature Portfolio
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Medicine; Science
Website: https://www.nature.com/srep/

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