Molecular biological analysis of RhD variant blood donors in Zhengzhou

Abstract

Objective To investigate the serological characteristics and gene mutation mechanism of RhD variant blood donors in Zhengzhou. Methods From January 2023 to December 2023, 1 619 RhD-negative blood donors sent to our laboratory were selected for the study, and RhD negative confirmation test and RhCE phenotype detection were applied by tube method and microcolumn gel indirect antiglobulin test method. RHD gene amplification and Sanger sequencing were used to detect RhD variant sample genotypes. Results A total of 69 cases of RhD variants were detected in the RhD negative confirmation test, with a proportion of 4.26%(69/1 619).The RhCE phenotypes were ccEe, Ccee, CcEe and CCee.There were 17 genotypes and 15 phenotypes of the D variant.The RHD*weak partial 15 allele was the most frequent(33 cases), with a frequency of 47.83%(33/69), and the main phenotype was the ccEe. This was followed by the RHD*DVI.3 allele in 20 cases with a frequency of 28.99%(20/69) and the predominant phenotype was Ccee. The RHD*weak partial 15/RHD*01EL.01 heterozygote was found in 3 cases with a frequency of 4.35%(3/69), all with the CcEe phenotype. Other rare genotypes were present in 13 cases with a frequency of 18.84%(13/69). Antibody screening was positive in 3 cases with a frequency of 4.35%(3/69). Two cases of female blood donors, both with history of pregnancy and childbirth, were identified as anti-D; one case of male donor was anti-M. Conclusion The RHD*weak partial 15 genotype was the most common among the RhD variants in blood donors in Zhengzhou, followed by the RHD*DVI.3 genotype. It plays an important role in guaranteeing the safety of blood supply and guiding precision transfusion.

Keywords

• rh blood group
• rhd variant
• genotype
• molecular biology
• zhengzhou