Measurement of alumina film induced ablation of internal insulator in solid rocket environment

Abstract

This study investigates the ablation of internal insulation induced by the deposition of an alumina film with different lateral film speeds. A sub-scale test solid rocket motor (SRM) was designed in an impinging jet configuration to form an alumina film on the sample and to encourage the lateral movement of the film by a high-speed wall jet. Fifteen static fire tests of the test SRM were conducted with six different jet velocities (Vjet = 100 m/s, 150 m/s, 200 m/s, 268 m/s, 330 m/s, and 450 m/s) that indirectly affected the velocity of the wall jet and the deposition rate of alumina droplets. The ablation velocity was deduced from the difference in the sample thickness after a test using a coordinate measuring machine. The droplet deposition mass flux and wall jet velocity were obtained via two-phase flow simulation with the same jet velocity and effective pressure. As a result, the characteristics of alumina-induced ablation and the changes in ablation with jet velocities were obtained. The area within 0.8 × jet diameter was focused upon, where the ratio of ablation velocity to incoming alumina mass was constant for each jet velocity, and showed a similarity in jet structure. When the ablation velocity was increased from 2.05 to 9.98 mm/s with increasing jet velocity, the ratio of the ablation velocity and alumina mass flux decreased from 1.07×10−4 to 0.49×10−4 m3/kg as Al2O3–C reactions became less efficient with a reduced residence time of the film. Because the decrease in residence time by the wall jet is more pronounced for slow reactions involved in Al2O3–C reactions, fast reactions in Al2O3–C reactions are less affected and result in a convergence of the volumetric rate of ablation per unit mass of alumina.

Keywords

• Internal insulation
• Solid rocket motor
• Ablation
• Alumina