Nature and Science of Sleep (Mar 2023)
Symptom Severity and Treatment Satisfaction in Patients with Idiopathic Hypersomnia: The Real World Idiopathic Hypersomnia Outcomes Study (ARISE)
Abstract
Logan Douglas Schneider,1 Joanne Stevens,2 Aatif M Husain,3 Diane Ito,4 Douglas S Fuller,5 Phyllis C Zee,6 Wayne Macfadden2 1Stanford University Sleep Medicine Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; 2Global Medical Affairs, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 3Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; 4Stratevi, Santa Monica, CA, USA; 5Biostatistics, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 6Department of Neurology and Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USACorrespondence: Wayne Macfadden, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, 2005 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA, Tel +1 215-832-3750, Email [email protected]: Idiopathic hypersomnia is a debilitating sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep inertia, and prolonged sleep duration. The patient burden of idiopathic hypersomnia is poorly understood. The Real World Idiopathic Hypersomnia Outcomes Study (ARISE) evaluated symptoms and treatment effectiveness/satisfaction in participants with idiopathic hypersomnia.Methods: ARISE was a United States–based virtual cross-sectional survey. Participants were adults 21– 65 years of age with idiopathic hypersomnia recruited from social media, the Hypersomnia Foundation website, and a patient panel. Self-assessments included the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale (IHSS), Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication, version II (TSQM-vII), and additional treatment questions. Data were analyzed for all participants and for subgroups with/without long sleep time (LST; ≥ 11 hours in 24 hours).Results: Of 75 participants enrolled, most were female (81.3%). The mean (SD) age was 34.1 (10.7) years and 49% had LST. Most participants took off-label prescription medications (89.3%) and/or used other measures (93.3%) to manage their symptoms. The mean (SD) ESS score was 14.5 (3.5) and the mean IHSS score was 35.2 (7.6). Treatment satisfaction was low (mean [SD] TSQM-vII score: overall, 61.9 [21.2]; with LST, 57.9 [21.4]; without LST, 66.7 [20.3]), primarily driven by dissatisfaction with treatment effectiveness. The most common classes of prescription medications used were stimulants (61.3%), wake-promoting agents (28.0%), and antidepressants (18.7%); non-prescription measures used to manage symptoms included caffeine (73.3%), planned naps (34.7%), and individual accommodations (32.0%).Conclusion: Overall, participants with idiopathic hypersomnia, with or without LST, had substantial symptom burden despite most of the study population taking off-label medications and using nonprescription measures to manage symptoms.Keywords: sleep disorder, sodium oxybate, wake-promoting agents, stimulants, antidepressants
