卵圆孔未闭诊断方法与技术的研究进展 Research Progress of the Diagnostic Methods and Techniques for Patent Foramen Ovale

Abstract

卵圆孔未闭存在于约1/4的成年人群中，是公认的隐源性卒中、偏头痛的危险因素。精准诊断卵圆孔未闭对明确病因及指导治疗至关重要。本文总结了卵圆孔未闭的主要诊断方法与技术，主要涵盖增强TCD、增强经胸超声心动图、增强经食管超声心动图、心脏功能磁共振成像；分析了各检测方法的发展历史、优劣，并指出了发展方向，即增强经胸超声心动图联合增强TCD同步检查卵圆孔未闭，强调了该同步多模态联合超声造影检查的优劣、改进办法及重要临床价值。 Abstract: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) exists in about 1/4 of adults and is a recognized risk factor for cryptogenic stroke and migraine. Accurate diagnosis of PFO is crucial for determining the cause and guiding treatment. This article summarized the main diagnostic methods and techniques for PFO, including contrast-enhanced TCD (cTCD), contrast-enhanced transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE), contrast-enhanced transesophageal echocardiography, and cardiac function magnetic resonance imaging. It analyzed the development history, advantages, and disadvantages of each detection method. It also pointed out the important direction of development, which is the combined use of cTTE and cTCD for PFO. The article emphasized the advantages, disadvantages, improvements, and important clinical value of the synchronous multimodal ultrasound contrast examination.

Keywords

• 卵圆孔未闭
• 诊断技术
• 增强经颅多普勒超声
• 增强经胸超声心动图
• 增强经食管超声心动图
• 心脏功能磁共振成像
• patent foramen ovale
• diagnostic technique
• contrast-enhanced transcranial doppler
• contrast-enhanced transthoracic echocardiography
• contrast-enhanced transesophageal echocardiography
• cardiac function magnetic resonance imaging