Role of Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Urolithiasis

Abstract

Objectives The objectives of this study are to describe the role of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in evaluation of renal stones in current practice and elaborate the imaging findings that need to be reported to help surgeons make an appropriate management strategy for renal stones. Background Nephrolithiasis is a global problem, affecting people across geographical, cultural, and economic boundaries. Renal stones can be accurately diagnosed on computed tomography. Discussion With the development of DECT, renal stones can now be better characterized in terms of stone burden, stone composition, and stone fragility. Conclusion These parameters are helpful to treating surgeons in not only planning an appropriate management for patient but also in predicting the success of the various procedures such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, flexible ureterorenoscopy, or percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Familiarity with recent developments will help radiologists give an apt description of renal stone to meet the requirements of treating surgeon.

Keywords

• dual-energy ratio
• dual-energy computed tomography
• linear attenuation coefficient
• nephrolithiasis
• skin-to-stone distance
• stone attenuation value
• stone burden
• stone fragility