Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика (Dec 2023)

Hypertension in the Russian population during the COVID-19 pandemic: sex differences in prevalence, treatment and its effectiveness. Data from the ESSE-RF3 study

  • Yu. A. Balanova,
  • O. M. Drapkina,
  • V. A. Kutsenko,
  • A. E. Imaeva,
  • A. V. Kontsevaya,
  • S. A. Maksimov,
  • G. A. Muromtseva,
  • M. B. Kotova,
  • N. S. Karamnova,
  • S. E. Evstifeeva,
  • A. V. Kapustina,
  • O. A. Litinskaya,
  • M. S. Pokrovskaya,
  • E. M. Filichkina,
  • O. E. Ivlev,
  • L. I. Gomanova,
  • Yu. V. Doludin,
  • I. A. Efimova,
  • A. L. Borisova,
  • B. M. Nazarov,
  • E. B. Yarovaya,
  • T. V. Repkina,
  • T. O. Gonoshilova,
  • A. V. Kudryavtsev,
  • N. I. Belova,
  • L. L. Shagrov,
  • M. A. Samotrueva,
  • A. L. Yasenyavskaya,
  • E. N. Chernysheva,
  • S. V. Glukhovskaya,
  • I. A. Levina,
  • E. A. Shirshova,
  • E. B. Dorzhieva,
  • E. Z. Urbanova,
  • N. Yu. Borovkova,
  • V. K. Kurashin,
  • A. S. Tokareva,
  • Yu. I. Ragino,
  • G. I. Simonova,
  • A. D. Khudyakova,
  • V. N. Nikulin,
  • O. R. Aslyamov,
  • G. V. Khokhlova,
  • A. V. Solovyova,
  • A. A. Rodionov,
  • O. V. Kryachkova,
  • Yu. Yu. Shamurova,
  • I. V. Tantsyreva,
  • I. N. Baryshnikova,
  • M. G. Ataev,
  • M. O. Radjabov,
  • M. M. Isakhanova,
  • M. A. Umetov,
  • L. V. Elgarova,
  • I. A. Khakuasheva,
  • E. I. Yamashkina,
  • M. V. Esina,
  • T. A. Kunyaeva,
  • A. M. Nikitina,
  • N. V. Savvina,
  • Yu. E. Spiridonova,
  • E. A. Naumova,
  • A. A. Keskinov,
  • D. A. Kashtanova,
  • V. S. Yudin,
  • S. M. Yudin,
  • S. A. Shalnova

DOI
https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3785
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 22, no. 8S

Abstract

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Aim. To study the epidemiological characteristics and changes of hypertension (HTN), as well as factors associated with HTN in the Russian population aged 35-74 years.Material and methods. The Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and their Risk Factors in Regions of Russian Federation-3 (ESSE-RF3) study examined a representative sample of the population aged 35-74 years of 15 Russian regions with a response >70% (n=28611). Modular design questionnaire was used. Blood pressure (BP) was measured twice after a 5-minute rest in a sitting position on the right arm with an Omron blood pressure monitor. There were following criteria for hypertension: systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mm Hg, and/or antihypertensive therapy. The effectiveness of treatment was considered the proportion (%) of people who achieved target blood pressure values among those being treated, while the control was considered the proportion (%) of patients with a BP <140/90 mm Hg of the total number of hypertensive patients. HTN changes were studied in a single age range of 35-64 years with the inclusion of materials from the ESSE-RF (2012-14) and ESSE-RF2 (2017) studies, carried out using the same methodology as ESSE-RF3. Statistical analysis was carried out using the open-source R 3.6.1 environment. Analysis of the association between factors and a binary variable was performed using logistic regression. The significance level for all tested hypotheses was 0,05.Results. According to ESSE-RF3, the average levels of SBP and DBP in the population were 131,9±18,7 and 84,4±10,9 mm Hg, respectively, while the proportion of those with BP ≥140/90 mm Hg — 38,8% (men: 44,8%, women: 33,9%). Prevalence of hypertension was 53,9% (men: 56,0%, women: 52,1%), awareness — 77,7% (men: 71,5%, women: 82,3%), while the treatment received 63,4%, significantly higher among women than among men: 72,3 vs 53,3%. The effectiveness of treatment was 44,0%, higher among women compared to men (48,2 vs 37,4%). In addition, 27,9% of patients have controlled HTN.Conclusion. The problem of controlled HTN in Russia remains unresolved in the 21st century. The following significant sex differences remain: the prevalence of HTN is higher among men, but awareness of the disease, treatment rate and its effectiveness are lower compared to women.

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