Psychology Research and Behavior Management (Dec 2021)
The Relationship Between Psychosocial Factors and Adherence to Treatment in Men, Premenopausal and Menopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
Olga Estefania Escobar Florez,1 Gabriela Aquilera,1 Jose Maria De la Roca-Chiapas,2 Maciste Habacuc Macías Cervantes,1 Ma Eugenia Garay-Sevilla1 1Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Health Science, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, Obregón, León, Gto, C.P. 37320, México; 2Department of Psychology, Division of Health Science, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, León, Gto, C.P. 37670, MéxicoCorrespondence: Ma Eugenia Garay-SevillaDepartment of Medical Sciences, Division of Health Science, University of Guanajuato, Campus León, 20 de enero 929, Colonia, Obregón, León, Blvd. Puente Milenio 1001 Fracción del Predio San Carlos, Gto, C.P. 37320, MéxicoEmail [email protected]: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that begins in adulthood, and is caused by multiple factors. The onset of menopause involves changes that predispose women to the development of T2DM, which can worsen if the adherence to treatment is inadequate due to psychosocial factors or medications. The present study aims to describe the psychosocial factors that may affect adherence to treatment among men and premenopausal and menopausal women with T2DM.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 96 patients with T2DM, who were divided into three groups: 1) men (n=32); 2) premenopausal women (n=32); and 3) menopausal women (n=32). Somatometric and metabolic control data were obtained. Adherence to treatment and psychosocial factors were evaluated: social support, belief in conventional medicine, disease denial, and depressive symptoms.Results: Adherence to medication had a negative correlation with depressive symptoms in men (p < 0.001) and menopausal women (p < 0.021). Dietary adherence had a positive correlation with belief in conventional medicine in men (p < 0.037) and premenopausal women (p < 0.029).Conclusion: Medication adherence in men and menopausal women was correlated with fewer depressive symptoms. Adherence to diet in men and premenopausal women was correlated with greater belief in conventional medicine. The results show the diversity of psychosocial factors among the groups that must be addressed in order to improve adherence.Keywords: diet, medication, conventional medicine, depressive symptoms
