The Astronomical Journal (Jan 2024)
TOI-1994b: A Low-mass Eccentric Brown Dwarf Transiting A Subgiant Star
- Emma Page,
- Joshua Pepper,
- Duncan Wright,
- Joseph E. Rodriguez,
- Robert A. Wittenmyer,
- Stephen R. Kane,
- Brett Addison,
- Timothy Bedding,
- Brendan P. Bowler,
- Thomas Barclay,
- Karen A. Collins,
- Phil Evans,
- Jonathan Horner,
- Eric L. N. Jensen,
- Marshall C. Johnson,
- John Kielkopf,
- Ismael Mireles,
- Peter Plavchan,
- Samuel N. Quinn,
- S. Seager,
- Avi Shporer,
- Keivan G. Stassun,
- Stephanie Striegel,
- Joshua N. Winn,
- George Zhou,
- Carl Ziegler
Affiliations
- Emma Page
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University , 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA ; [email protected]
- Joshua Pepper
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University , 16 Memorial Drive East, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA ; [email protected]
- Duncan Wright
- ORCiD
- University of Southern Queensland , Centre for Astrophysics, USQ Toowoomba, West Street, QLD 4350 Australia
- Joseph E. Rodriguez
- ORCiD
- Center for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Robert A. Wittenmyer
- ORCiD
- University of Southern Queensland , Centre for Astrophysics, USQ Toowoomba, West Street, QLD 4350 Australia
- Stephen R. Kane
- ORCiD
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California , Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Brett Addison
- ORCiD
- University of Southern Queensland , Centre for Astrophysics, USQ Toowoomba, West Street, QLD 4350 Australia; Swinburne University of Technology , Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, John Street, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
- Timothy Bedding
- ORCiD
- School of Physics, Sydney Institute for Astronomy (SIfA), The University of Sydney , NSW 2006, Australia
- Brendan P. Bowler
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , TX 78712, USA
- Thomas Barclay
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; University of Maryland , Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
- Karen A. Collins
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Phil Evans
- ORCiD
- El Sauce Observatory , Coquimbo Province, Chile
- Jonathan Horner
- ORCiD
- University of Southern Queensland , Centre for Astrophysics, West Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Australia
- Eric L. N. Jensen
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Swarthmore College , Swarthmore PA 19081, USA
- Marshall C. Johnson
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University , 4055 McPherson Laboratory, 140 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- John Kielkopf
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Louisville , Louisville, KY 40292, USA
- Ismael Mireles
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico , 210 Yale Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
- Peter Plavchan
- ORCiD
- George Mason University , 4400 University Drive MS 3F3, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
- Samuel N. Quinn
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- S. Seager
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics , MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Avi Shporer
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Keivan G. Stassun
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Stephanie Striegel
- ORCiD
- SETI Institute , Mountain View CA 94043/NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Joshua N. Winn
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- George Zhou
- ORCiD
- University of Southern Queensland , Centre for Astrophysics, USQ Toowoomba, West Street, QLD 4350 Australia
- Carl Ziegler
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Engineering and Astronomy, Stephen F. Austin State University , 1936 North Street, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad1a18
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 167,
no. 3
p. 109
Abstract
We present the discovery of TOI-1994b, a low-mass brown dwarf transiting a hot subgiant star on a moderately eccentric orbit. TOI-1994 has an effective temperature of ${7700}_{-410}^{+720}$ K, V magnitude of 10.51 mag and log( g ) of ${3.982}_{-0.065}^{+0.067}$ . The brown dwarf has a mass of ${22.1}_{-2.5}^{+2.6}$ M _J , a period of 4.034 days, an eccentricity of ${0.341}_{-0.059}^{+0.054}$ , and a radius of ${1.220}_{-0.071}^{+0.082}$ R _J . TOI-1994b is more eccentric than other transiting brown dwarfs with similar masses and periods. The population of low-mass brown dwarfs may have properties similar to planetary systems if they were formed in the same way, but the short orbital period and high eccentricity of TOI-1994b may contrast this theory. An evolved host provides a valuable opportunity to understand the influence stellar evolution has on the substellar companion’s fundamental properties. With precise age, mass, and radius, the global analysis and characterization of TOI-1994b augments the small number of transiting brown dwarfs and allows the testing of substellar evolution models.
Keywords
