FORECAST AND ANALYSIS OF THE NINO PHENOMENON OVER THE NORTH OF PERU

Abstract

El Niño is one of the phenomena ocean atmospheric that with major frequency impacts over the north region of Peru, which is characterized for intensity rains in the north zone of Peru, causing enormous economic losses and damages in the agriculture, road infrastructure, fisheries, in the education sector, health sector between others. Based on the historical monthly information of the sea surface temperature of the zones Tumbes, Paita and Chicama and using the tools stochastic of prediction as like The Markov's chains, in this research one tries to predict the possible appearance of these events front the Peruvian sea in agreement to different levels of intensity. Using the series of monthly information from beginning until the year 2007 and on the basis of a matrix of transition of Markov's chain, there becomes an attempt of forecast of the appearance of an event El Niño for 2009 of agreement to scales of intensity for the zones of Tumbes, Paita and Chicama in a transitional probabilities matrix.

Keywords

• Cadenas de Markov
• Matriz de transición
• Temperatura superficial del mar