Assessment of phenology and toxicity of Prangos platychlaena Boiss. in Halgurd mountain of Iraqi Kurdistan

Abstract

Prangos platychlaena Boiss, a wild plant belongs to the Apiaceae family, it is a native plant of Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Root, leaves, stem and flowers of the plant were collected from Halgurd mountain Iraqi Kurdistan region. Its initial growth begin in May, flowering at the beginning of June and reaches fruit formation by the end of June until the last week of July, while the seed formation and dispersal were begun by the end of July until the end of August. Ethanol extract of different parts of the P. platychlaena has significant cytotoxcity potential on the human liver carcinoma cell and the activities of cytotoxicity can be classified as root > stem > flowers > leaves. Toxicity of water extract assayed against Triticum aestivum L.(wheat) and Hordium vulgare L( barley) and Lolium rigidum Gaud, results were indicated that the germination percentage and the root elongation decreased gradually with increasing the concentration of extraction until complete inhibition. T. aestivum shows higher tolerance ability to root, leaf, stem and flower extracts. As well as there was inhibition of Lolium rigidum due to all parts extract. Thus P. platychlaena Boiss can be used as a herbicide.

Keywords

• cytotoxicity; liver carcinoma; wheat, barley; Lolium.