Radio Physics and Radio Astronomy (Mar 2021)
THE FOUNDER OF THE DECAMETER RADIO ASTRONOMY IN UKRAINE ACADEMICIAN OF NAS OF UKRAINE SEMEN YAKOVYCH BRAUDE IS 110 YEARS OLD: HISTORY OF CREATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL BASE FOR THE LAST HALF CENTURY
- O. O. Konovalenko,
- V. V. Zakharenko,
- L. M. Lytvynenko,
- O. M. Ulyanov,
- M. A. Sidorchuk,
- S. V. Stepkin,
- V. A. Shepelev,
- P. Zarka,
- H. O. Rucker,
- A. Lecacheux,
- M. Panchenko,
- Yu. M. Bruck,
- P. L. Tokarsky,
- I. M. Bubnov,
- S. M. Yerin,
- V. L. Коliadin,
- V. M. Melnik,
- M. M. Kalinichenko,
- O. O. Stanislavsky,
- V. V. Dorovskyy,
- O. D. Khristenko,
- V. V. Shevchenko,
- O. S. Belov,
- A. O. Gridin,
- O. V. Antonov,
- V. P. Bovkun,
- O. M. Reznichenko,
- V. M. Bortsov,
- G. V. Kvasov,
- L. M. Ostapchenko,
- M. V. Shevchuk,
- V. A. Shevchenko,
- Ya. S. Yatskiv,
- I. B. Vavilova,
- I. S. Braude,
- Y. G. Shkuratov,
- V. B. Ryabov,
- G. I. Pidgorny,
- A. G. Tymoshevsky,
- O. O. Lytvynenko,
- V. V. Galanin,
- M. I. Ryabov,
- A. I. Brazhenko,
- R. V. Vashchishin,
- A. V. Frantsuzenko,
- V. V. Koshovyy,
- O. L. Ivantyshyn,
- A. B. Lozinsky,
- B. S. Kharchenko,
- I. Y. Vasylieva,
- I. P. Kravtsov,
- Y. V. Vasylkivsky,
- G. V. Litvinenko,
- D. V. Mukha,
- N. V. Vasylenko,
- A. I. Shevtsova,
- A. P. Miroshnichenko,
- N. V. Кuhai,
- Ya. M. Sobolev,
- N. O. Tsvyk
Affiliations
- O. O. Konovalenko
- ORCiD
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- V. V. Zakharenko
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- L. M. Lytvynenko
- ORCiD
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- O. M. Ulyanov
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- M. A. Sidorchuk
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- S. V. Stepkin
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- V. A. Shepelev
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- P. Zarka
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, PSL/SU/UPMC/UPD/SPC, 5, Place Jules Janssen, Meudon, F-92195, France
- H. O. Rucker
- Institut für Weltraumforschung, Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 6, Schmiedlstrasse, Graz, 8042, Austria
- A. Lecacheux
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, PSL/SU/UPMC/UPD/SPC, 5, Place Jules Janssen, Meudon, F-92195, France
- M. Panchenko
- Institut für Weltraumforschung, Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 6, Schmiedlstrasse, Graz, 8042, Austria
- Yu. M. Bruck
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- P. L. Tokarsky
- ORCiD
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- I. M. Bubnov
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- S. M. Yerin
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- V. L. Коliadin
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- V. M. Melnik
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- M. M. Kalinichenko
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine; Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University, 24, Kyivo-Moskovska St., Hlukhiv, 41400, Ukraine
- O. O. Stanislavsky
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- V. V. Dorovskyy
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- O. D. Khristenko
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- V. V. Shevchenko
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- O. S. Belov
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- A. O. Gridin
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- O. V. Antonov
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- V. P. Bovkun
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- O. M. Reznichenko
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- V. M. Bortsov
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- G. V. Kvasov
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- L. M. Ostapchenko
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- M. V. Shevchuk
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- V. A. Shevchenko
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- Ya. S. Yatskiv
- ORCiD
- Main Astronomical Observatory, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 27, Akademik Zabolotny St., Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine
- I. B. Vavilova
- Main Astronomical Observatory, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 27, Akademik Zabolotny St., Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine
- I. S. Braude
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- Y. G. Shkuratov
- Research Institute of Astronomy, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 35, Sumska St., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine; Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- V. B. Ryabov
- ORCiD
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- G. I. Pidgorny
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- A. G. Tymoshevsky
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- O. O. Lytvynenko
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- V. V. Galanin
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- M. I. Ryabov
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- A. I. Brazhenko
- Poltava Gravimetric Observatory, S. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 27/29, Miasoiedov St., Poltava, 36014, Ukraine
- R. V. Vashchishin
- Poltava Gravimetric Observatory, S. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 27/29, Miasoiedov St., Poltava, 36014, Ukraine
- A. V. Frantsuzenko
- Poltava Gravimetric Observatory, S. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 27/29, Miasoiedov St., Poltava, 36014, Ukraine
- V. V. Koshovyy
- Karpenko Physiko-Mechanical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5, Naukova St., Lviv, 79060, Ukraine
- O. L. Ivantyshyn
- Karpenko Physiko-Mechanical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5, Naukova St., Lviv, 79060, Ukraine
- A. B. Lozinsky
- Karpenko Physiko-Mechanical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5, Naukova St., Lviv, 79060, Ukraine
- B. S. Kharchenko
- Karpenko Physiko-Mechanical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 5, Naukova St., Lviv, 79060, Ukraine
- I. Y. Vasylieva
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- I. P. Kravtsov
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- Y. V. Vasylkivsky
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- G. V. Litvinenko
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- D. V. Mukha
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- N. V. Vasylenko
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- A. I. Shevtsova
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- A. P. Miroshnichenko
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- N. V. Кuhai
- Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University, 24, Kyivo-Moskovska St., Hlukhiv, 41400, Ukraine; Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- Ya. M. Sobolev
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- N. O. Tsvyk
- Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 4, Mystetstv St., Kharkiv, 61002, Ukraine
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.15407/rpra26.01.005
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 26,
no. 1
pp. 5 – 73
Abstract
Purpose: A historical review of the experimental baselopment of low-frequency radio astronomy in Ukraine, its foundation half a century ago by an outstanding scientist S.Ya. Braude to the current state. Design/methodology/approach: The constant progress of electronic, computer and digital technologies, information and telecommunication technologies, theory and practice of antenna and receiving systems design, which introduction enriched the hardware and methodological ideology of construction and usage of the UTR-2, URAN, and GURT radio telescopes, have been used. Findings: The worldwide most effective national experimental radio astronomy means, the UTR-2, URAN, and GURT decameter-meter wave radiotelescopes, have been created and improved. The best combination of the systems main parameters: sensitivity; frequency band; spatial, frequency and temporal resolutions; noise immunity; uniformity of amplitude-frequency and space-frequency characteristics and multifunctionality has been provided. Conclusions: For the half a century of radio astronomical scientific and technical at the Institute of Radio Astronomy of NAS of Ukraine, the high astrophysical informativeness of the low-frequency radio astronomy and the possibility of creating a highly efficient experimental base – giant radio telescopes of decameter-meter wavebands have been proved. Today, the Ukrainian radio telescopes are well known and recognized world-wide being indispensable and most in demand by the scientific community. The founder of the decameter radio astronomy in Ukraine, the eminent scientist Semen Yakovych Braude was not mistaken when he decided to start radio astronomical explorations. The memory of him will always remain in the minds and hearts of many generations.
Keywords
- low-frequency radio astronomy
- radio telescope
- phase shifter
- antenna amplifier
- digital signal recorder
- effec- tive area
- sensitivity
- resolution
- noise immunity
