Chronic atrophic gastritis: risk factors and their correlation with morphological changes of gastric mucosa

Abstract

Background. Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is the pre-cancer diseases of stomach. There are often intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia, which could lead to gastric cancer development. The purpose was to study the different risk factors in patients with CAG, and their possible correlations with morphological gastric mucosal changes. Materials and methods. One hundred twenty patients with CAG were included in this study. They underwent an examination with magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopy. Images resolution was evaluated, as well stomach endoscopic biopsies were analyzed to confirm diagnosis. The questionnaire was worked out and used in patients with CAG to evaluate risk factors. Results. It was found that acute stress (r = 0.593) and chronic stress (r = 0.544), large amounts of fried (r = 0.636), smoked (r = 0.512) and pickled foods (r = 0.591), age (r = 0.639), the A blood type (ABO blood group system) (r = 0.651), heredity (r = 0.533), duodenogastric reflux (r = 0.524), and thyroid disease (r = 0.522) were possible risk factors for CAG. According to examination with magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopy and morphological results, the Helicobacter pylori incidence became rarer with the increase in gastric morphological changes (atrophy-metaplasia-dysplasia). Conclusions. The results show possible influence of risk factors, such as stress, age, the A blood type (ABO blood group system), heredity, large amounts of fried, smoked and pickled foods, as well as duodenogastric reflux and thyroid disease, in patients with CAG.

Keywords

• chronic atrophic gastritis
• intestinal metaplasia
• dysplasia
• questionnaire
• risk factors