Evaluation of an Ion-Associate Phase Formed In Situ from the Aqueous Phase by Adding Benzethonium Chloride and Sodium Ethylbenzenesulfonate for Microextraction

Noriko Hata; Akane Igarashi; Rie Yasui; Maho Matsushita; Nozomi Kohama; Tomoka Komiyama; Kazuto Sazawa; Hideki Kuramitz; Shigeru Taguchi

doi:10.3390/appliedchem3010003

AppliedChem (Jan 2023)

Evaluation of an Ion-Associate Phase Formed In Situ from the Aqueous Phase by Adding Benzethonium Chloride and Sodium Ethylbenzenesulfonate for Microextraction

Noriko Hata,
Akane Igarashi,
Rie Yasui,
Maho Matsushita,
Nozomi Kohama,
Tomoka Komiyama,
Kazuto Sazawa,
Hideki Kuramitz,
Shigeru Taguchi

Affiliations

Noriko Hata: Major of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Akane Igarashi: Major of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Rie Yasui: Major of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Maho Matsushita: Major of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Nozomi Kohama: Major of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Tomoka Komiyama: Major of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Kazuto Sazawa: Major of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Hideki Kuramitz: Major of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Shigeru Taguchi: Major of Environmental and Analytical Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem3010003
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 3, no. 1
pp. 32 – 44

Abstract

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The concentration region at which the solvent is formed during in situ solvent formation microextraction is determined by varying the concentrations of the two components required to form a solvent. In particular, a solvent is formed in situ during ion-associate phase (IAP) microextraction by mixing an aqueous solution with an organic cation and an organic anion. In this study, benzethonium chloride (BenCl) and sodium ethylbenzenesulfonate (NaEBS) were employed as the organic cation and anion sources of model IAPs to thoroughly investigate the in situ solvent formation. Additionally, the formation of the IAPs and the solvent via centrifugation of the formed ion associates was examined. We demonstrated that ion associates are formed when the product of [EBS] and [Ben] is greater than the solubility product and [EBS] is greater than [Ben]. The highest extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was achieved with an amount of NaEBS 40 times greater than that of BenCl. A higher hydrophobicity in the IAP extraction of PAHs, estrogens, and pesticides facilitated extraction into the IAP.

Published in AppliedChem

ISSN: 2673-9623 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Chemistry: Analytical chemistry; Science: Chemistry: General. Including alchemy
Website: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/appliedchem

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