Pediatric hospital admission due to adverse drug reactions: Report from a tertiary center

Abstract

Objective: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are known as a cause of hospital admission. We have carried out a prospective study to characterize and assess the frequency, probability, preventability, and severity of ADRs, which lead to hospital admission in children. Methods: In a prospective observational study, a cohort of children admitted to a tertiary pediatric hospital was randomly screened to assess ADR as the cause of admission from June 2014 to January 2015. ADRs causing admissions were detected based on patients' records, interviewing their parents, and confirmation by medical team. The probability of the ADRs was assessed based on WHO criteria and Naranjo tool. The preventability assessment was performed using Schumock and Thornton questionnaire. Findings: Of the 658 evaluated emergency admissions, 27 were caused by an ADR giving an incidence of 4.1%. Among ADRs, 37.1% were estimated to be preventable. Antibiotics were the most common medication class which caused hospital admission. Conclusion: Pediatric pharmacotherapy still needs evidence-based strategies to improve child care including education, monitoring, planning for medications after ADR occurrence, and implementing preventive measures when applicable.

Keywords

• Adverse drug reaction; children; hospitalization; incidence