Mental health and use of psychotropic prescription drugs in adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Abstract

Patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) suffer from reduced survival and quality of life, but the underlying reasons for this are largely undescribed. Mental health and the use of psychotropic drugs in ITP is unknown. We investigated the risk of hospital registered mental health events including fatigue and the use of psychotropic drugs in adult patients with ITP compared with the general population, using nationwide registry-data. We identified 3,749 patients with ITP and 149,849 age-sex matched general population comparators in the Danish Health Registries in the period 1997-2016. The median age was 60 years (IQR 40-73) and 53% were women. We followed the individuals for incident mental health events and estimated the use of psychotropic drugs over calendar-years and in temporal relation to diagnosis of ITP. The first year cumulative incidence of any mental health event was 2.3% (95% confidence interval, 1.9-2.9) in patients and 0.7% (0.6-0.7) in comparators, yielding an adjusted cause-specific hazard ratio (csHR) of 3.57 (2.84-4.50). The corresponding estimates for depression were 1.2% (0.9-1.6) and 0.3% (0.3-0.4) respectively, with an adjusted csHR of 3.53 (2.56-4.85). We found similar findings for anxiety and fatigue, but risks generally diminished after 1-5 years. The use of opioids, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines increased in temporal relation to diagnosis of ITP. The risk of mental health events and the use of psychotropic drugs is higher in adult patients with ITP compared with the general population, and has a temporal relation to diagnosis of ITP emphasizing that mental health in ITP is a concern.