Modelling of Battery Energy Storage System Providing FCR in Baltic Power System after Synchronization with the Continental Synchronous Area

Abstract

This paper presents the case study of provisions of frequency containment reserve (FCR) with a battery electric storage system (BESS). The aim of the case study is the evaluation of the technical possibility to provide FCR in Latvian power systems after all Baltic power systems will synchronize with the Continental Europe Synchronous Area (CESA). To simulate the dynamics of BESS capacity and its state of charge (SOC), authors have developed an algorithm and mathematical model (it can be realized in different calculation programs). The case study calculations verified the model. The algorithm is conditionally divided into two parts—FCR provision and SOC recovery–which in turn is divided into three possible models of BESS state of charge recovery options: (1) overfulfillment—exceeding the specified FCR amount, (2) deadband utilization, and (3) BESS charging or discharging through scheduled transactions in intraday power market. The modelling was performed using historic frequency data of Latvian and French power systems. The case study of BESS with charging capacity of 12 MW and stored energy volume of 7 MWh for provision of determined FCR for Latvian power system was considered. The obtained results from the simulation were used in the separate model to evaluate economic feasibility of BESS for FCR.

Keywords

• frequency control
• FCR
• battery electric storage
• simulation
• algorithm
• state of charge recovery