First report on chlorophyllin to protect mammalian and fish muscle cells from pesticide toxicity via activation of p53 and PARP

Abstract

Objectives: Pesticide toxicity has become one of the major environmental menaces affecting all types of life forms of the ecosystem. Pesticides get washed off from agricultural fields into nearby water bodies and enter the aquatic organisms. Their bio-accumulated form finally reaches the human race, through consumption of pesticide infested aquatic animals, causing several physiological dysfunctions. Hence it becomes necessary to find a therapeutic cure/a preventive measure to stop the health hazard issues of pesticide. With this projection a search for a phyto-based-product was made whose primary objective would be to lower the pesticidal toxicity in fish and simultaneously in the human race. Methods: In this study we tried to check whether the phyto-chemical, Chlorophyllin (CHL), known for its anti-genotoxic, anti-oxidant activities, could render any kind of protection against Cypermethrin (CM) induced-toxicity in fish model and mammalian cell line L6. Both the model L6 and fish were pre-treated with CHL prior to exposure of CM. Different scientific parameters like % cellular cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, nuclear condensation, etc were checked to validate the possibility of CHL in protecting CM-induced toxicity. Results: The overall results revealed that pre-treatment with CHL could restrict the ROS generation leading to modulation in associated cytokine proteins expression NFkβ and IFNγ. Further, CHL lowered nuclear condensation and elevated expression of DNA repair proteins p53 and PARP, showing a kind of pre-activation of signalling cascades for overall protection against the severity of pesticidal toxicity. Conclusion: Thus, this phyto-based preventive approach would possibly solve many areas of human health issues related to pesticide toxicity in future.

Keywords

• Cypermethrin
• Chlorophyllin
• Fish
• L6 cells
• DNA damage
• ROS generation