Bacterial associations with rice plants: Their diversity, abundance and importance in rice life cycle

Abstract

Global rice production is needed to be improved for ensuring food security in the coming decades. Prospective utilization of beneficial bacteria can be attributed as sustainable agricultural practices for the enhancement of the physiology of rice plants. This review focuses on and amalgamates the experimental findings where bacteria can assist the rice plant for better phenology. Bacteria in the rhizosphere are abundant and diverse compared to the bacteria in the endosphere and phyllosphere region of rice plants. Bacteria derived phytohormones can be utilized by rice plants to enhance phytohormone signaling for beneficiary purposes. Salicylic Acid (SA) may induce Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) to the rice plant to eradicate pathogen attack. Moreover, bacteria modulated Jasmonic Acid (JA)/Ethylene concentrations can assure Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) for plant immunity. Some plant growth promotional activities of bacteria such as Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF), siderophore production, mineral solubilization are addressed in this worthwhile discussion. Abiotic stresses include drought, salinity, high and low temperatures, affects severe loss in rice production annually. The utilization of plant growth-promoting bacteria is the well-established solution for evading abiotic stresses by initiating or inhibiting various signaling processes as well as improvement of the yield of rice.

Keywords

• abiotic stress
• bacteria diversity
• biotic stress
• isr
• sar
• yield