Solar Energy in Developing Countries: Challenges and Opportunities for Smart Cities

Abstract

This perspective article explores the dynamic landscape of solar energy adoption in developing countries, particularly within the framework of smart cities. Developing nations face a compelling need to bridge the energy gap, reduce emissions, foster economic growth, and enhance energy security. Solar energy offers potential solutions to these challenges. Despite the promise of solar energy, obstacles exist. Financial constraints, outdated infrastructure, grid instability, technical expertise gaps, and regulatory hurdles hinder widespread adoption. However, technological advances in solar panels, energy storage, smart grids, and data analytics present avenues for overcoming these challenges. Collaborative initiatives, consistent policies, and public-private partnerships offer support for sustainable development. Smart cities play a crucial role in this transition. Sustainable urban planning, smart infrastructure, and digitalization contribute to the efficient use of solar power. Case studies from India, Rwanda, and Brazil exemplify successful integration of solar energy within smart city projects. Balancing challenges with opportunities is the key to success. By addressing obstacles and seizing available prospects, developing countries can lead the charge toward a sustainable energy future.