Овощи России (Sep 2019)
Features of cultivation of new variety of potato Smolyanochka
Abstract
Relevance For the successful introduction of a new variety of potatoes into production, it is important to know the technological parameters of its cultivation, both for seed and food purposes. Methods Studies on the timing, planting schemes and doses of mineral fertilizers, providing maximum yield of seed and food tubers of a new potato variety Smolyanochka breeding Smolensk GOSHOS, were conducted in 2017-2018. Experience, observations and accounting were carried out according to generally accepted methods. The studies were conducted in the field short-term experience of the Smolensk Institute of agriculture (ex. Smolensk GOSHOS) on sod-podzolic medium-loamy soil with low humus content, weak acid reaction of the soil environment, high content of mobile phosphorus and high potassium content. Results Observations of the growth and development of potato plants of the Smolyanochka variety showed that the length of the growing season decreased from early planting to later. Planting schemes and fertilizer doses did not have a significant impact on the duration of development phases in all variants of the experiment. The density of the stem per unit area decreased by 5-18% from earlier planting dates to later and increased with an increase in the dose of mineral fertilizers to N60P72K90 by 12-28%, compared with the background of N32P32K32. The highest percentage of plant viral diseases during the growing season was observed with a more thickened planting scheme (70x25 cm) and increased with later planting dates. The maximum yield of potato tubers when grown for both seed and food purposes was noted against the background of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N60P72K90 when planted earlier. Post-harvest tuberous analysis of potatoes showed that all the studied variants of the experiment did not have a significant impact on the affection of potato tubers with fungal diseases.
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