Is Antifibrinolytic Therapy Effective for Preventing Hemorrhage in Patients with Hemophilia Undergoing Dental Extractions? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Objectives This systematic review aims to analyze the systemic administration of antifibrinolytics (tranexamic acid and aminocaproic acid) to prevent postoperative bleeding in patients with hemophilia. Methods This systematic review was conducted adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Only randomized controlled trials that assessed human subjects of any age or gender with any severity of hemophilia undergoing dental extractions, and systemically administered antifibrinolytic therapy compared to placebo were included. Post-operative bleeding episodes and adverse events were presented. PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched through April 15, 2022. The risk ratio (RR) and odds ratio (OR) applying 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using RevMan 5.4.1 (Cochrane). Results Two randomized, placebo-controlled trials pooling in a total of 59 patients were pooled in this analysis. Among patients administered antifibrinolytic therapy, 84% reduced risk of post-operative bleeding was reported (RR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.05–0.47, P = 0.0009). The chances of post-operative bleeding were reduced by 95% among the antifibrotics group (OR = 0.05, 95% CI = 0.01–0.22, P < 0.0001). Conclusion This review finds favorable outcomes for the routine use of antifibrinolytic therapy for dental extractions in hemophiliacs. Further trials are required to rationalize existing evidence.