Hypothyroidism induced spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: a rare yet interesting dilemma

Abstract

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a syndrome usually related to induction of ovulation for in-vitro fertilization. Its occurrence is rare in pregnant females. To our knowledge, only twelve cases of spontaneous OHSS (without any ovulation induction therapy) in non-pregnant women with primary hypothyroidism exist in the published literature. This case study illustrates the association of spontaneous OHSS with primary hypothyroidism in a 17 year old female, which showed complete resolution after initiation of thyroxine therapy. Hence, we need to emphasize the need for clinicians and radiologists to enlighten themselves with the clinical symptomatology and imaging findings of spontaneous OHSS in primary hypothyroidism, which is still not well-known medical and radiological condition. Sufficient knowledge of the clinical and imaging findings of OHSS helps in prompt diagnosis and avoids advancement to life threatening complications and unwanted surgery.

Keywords

• primary hypothyroidism
• ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
• ovarian cysts