Magnitude of Neonatal Admission Diagnosis and Associated Factors at Selected Hospitals in Wollo, Northeast Ethiopia

Abstract

Shambel Dessale Asmamaw,1,2 Shiferaw Getachew,2,3 Tamrat Demeke,4 Hailu Hankarso,2,5 Birhan Alemnew,6 Shambel Wedajo,2 Asressie Molla2 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Kobo Primary Hospital, Kobo, North Wollo, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia; 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia; 3Department of Preventive Medicine, Meda Weremo Health office, Meda Weremo, North Showa, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia; 4Department of Preventive Medicine, Jama Primary Hospital, Jama, South Wollo, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia; 5Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia; 6Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Shambel Dessale Asmamaw, Email [email protected]: Neonates are commonly admitted to neonatal intensive care units, and the type(s) of admission determine the outcome of the neonate. Therefore, we sought to assess the magnitude of neonatal admission and associated factors at selected hospitals in Wollo, northeast Ethiopia in 2022.Methods: A cross-sectional study on 422 admitted mother–neonate pairs was conducted. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews and reviewing patient records and then entered and analyzed using EpiData version 3.1 and Stata version 14, respectively. Binary logistic regression analyses were employed, and P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant on multivariate analysis.Results: The prevalence of neonatal sepsis was 53.4% (95% CI 48.5%– 58.2%), low birth weight 36.9% (95% CI 32.3%– 41.7%), prematurity 24.2% (95% CI 20.3%– 28.5%), and hypoglycemia 9.7% (95% CI 7.2%– 13%). Urinary tract infection (AOR 2.22, 95% CI 1.13– 4.34), history of abortion (AOR 1.95, 95% CI 1.002– 3.78), and twin pregnancy (AOR 6.34, 95% CI 1.84– 11.83) were associated with low birth weight. Premature rupture of membrane (AOR 2.87 95% CI 1.31– 6.28), history of abortion (AOR 2.36, 95% CI 1.20– 4.61), and instrumental delivery (AOR 5.25, 95% CI 1.65– 16.71) were associated with neonatal sepsis. Male sex (AOR 2.78, 95% CI 1.45– 5.34), pregnancy-induced hypertension (AOR 2.73, 95% CI 1.13– 6.60), antepartum hemorrhage (AOR 3.24, 95% CI 1.03– 10.20), and premature rupture of membrane (AOR 2.77, 95% CI 1.23– 6.24) were associated with prematurity.Conclusion: The prevalence of low birth weight, prematurity, and neonatal sepsis was high, but neonatal hypoglycemia was low. Urinary tract infection, history of abortion, and twin pregnancy were associated with low birth weight. Premature rupture of membrane, history of abortion, and instrumental delivery were associated with neonatal sepsis. Male sex, pregnancy-induced hypertension, antepartum hemorrhage, and premature ruptures of membrane were associated with prematurity.Keywords: admission diagnosis, discriminant analysis, Ethiopia, neonatal admission, neonate

Keywords

• admission diagnosis
• discriminant analysis
• ethiopia
• neonatal admission
• neonate