Clinical features of and influencing factors of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Abstract

BackgroundObsessive-compulsive personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder （OCD） are common psychological disorders with similar clinical symptoms， but the differences between the two need further clarification.ObjectiveTo explore the clinical features of and influencing factors of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in patients with OCD， so as to provide references for further relevant clinical diagnosis and treatment.MethodsA total of 195 patients with OCD were selected as the research subjects， who received treatment at the outpatient and inpatient departments of the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from July 2022 to December 2023 and met the diagnostic criteria for OCD in the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10）. Evaluation was conducted by using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale （Y-BOCS）， Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ （PDQ-4+）， Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised （OCI-R）， Beck Depression Inventory （BDI）， Beck Anxiety Inventory （BAI） and Sheehan Disability Scale （SDS）. In accordance with the score of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Scale in PDQ-4+， patients were divided into the OCD group with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder （n=58） and the OCD group without obsessive-compulsive personality disorder （n=137）. Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were adopted to examine the correlation between clinical features and the score of the Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of OCD patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.ResultsStatistically significant differences were observed between OCD patients with and without obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in the age， family history of mental illness， time without treatment， hoarding and ranking dimension scores in OCI-R， OCI-R total score， score of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Scale in PDQ-4， and BDI score （P≤0.05）. OCD patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in the time without treatment， OCI-R total score， hoarding and ranking dimension scores in OCI-R and BDI score are all positively correlated with the score of the Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Scale （r=0.120， 0.526， 0.364， 0.492， 0.414， P<0.05）. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that time without treatment （β=0.132， P<0.05）， hoarding dimension score （β=0.283， P<0.05） and ranking dimension score in OCI-R （β=0.418， P<0.05） were the influencing factors of OCD patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.ConclusionOCD patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder may have longer untreated periods， more pronounced functional impairments in hoarding and sorting and more severe depressive symptoms. Untreated time， hoarding symptoms and sorting symptoms may be influencing factors for OCD patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. ［Funded by Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Project （number， BE2021616；number， BE2022678）； Key Project of Nanjing Medical Science and Technology Development Fund （number， ZKX20029）］

Keywords

• obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
• obsessive-compulsive disorder
• clinical features
• influencing factors