Potential salivary and serum biomarkers for burning mouth syndrome and their relationship with anxiety/depression

Ying Zhang; Sai Ye; Yangqing Zhang; Hong Sun; Xiaoxian Zhao; Xuemin Shen; Lan Wu

Journal of Dental Sciences (Apr 2024)

Potential salivary and serum biomarkers for burning mouth syndrome and their relationship with anxiety/depression

Ying Zhang,
Sai Ye,
Yangqing Zhang,
Hong Sun,
Xiaoxian Zhao,
Xuemin Shen,
Lan Wu

Affiliations

Ying Zhang: Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Sai Ye: Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Yangqing Zhang: No.2 High School of East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
Hong Sun: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Xiaoxian Zhao: Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Xuemin Shen: Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Corresponding author. Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, 500 Quxi Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
Lan Wu: Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Corresponding author. Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, 500 Quxi Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 19, no. 2
pp. 1052 – 1060

Abstract

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Background/purpose: The pathophysiology of burning mouth syndrome (BMS), although considered a multifactorial etiology including psychological factors, is still not well understood. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the potential usage of salivary and serum biomarkers, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), in diagnosing BMS and their correlations with anxiety/depression. Materials and methods: 45 BMS patients and 14 healthy volunteers were enrolled. The patients were divided into BMS with anxiety/depression group and BMS without anxiety/depression group according to the scores of the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Additionally, concentrations of BDNF, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in saliva and those in serum among the patients and healthy volunteers were assessed by multiplex assay using Luminex 200TM system and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Results: Among all the serum biomarkers, only BDNF showed a statistically significant decrease in the patients than the healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). Regarding saliva biomarkers, BDNF, IL-1β, and IL-8 all exhibited a statistically significant increase in all the BMS patients versus the healthy volunteers (P < 0.05) but only BDNF was significantly different between patients with anxiety/depression and healthy individuals when considering anxiety/depression. Among BMS patients with anxiety/depression, saliva TNF-α had positive associations with other biomarkers including BDNF, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The increased concentration of saliva BDNF holds strong potential for diagnosing BMS and the elevated level of saliva TNF-α is crucial in identifying BMS patients with anxiety/depression.

Published in Journal of Dental Sciences

ISSN: 1991-7902 (Print)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Taiwan, Province of China
LCC subjects: Medicine: Dentistry
Website: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-dental-sciences/

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